Graphical representation of nutrient removal in constructed wetlands

Moustafa, M. Z.

doi:10.1007/bf03161515

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Therefore, the resuspension is assumed to be negligible, net settling for this model is approximately equal to settling velocity of the particle (V S ). Several other researchers have suggested a similar approach (Kadlec and Knight 1996;Moustafa 1997;Carleton et al 2001;Braskerud 2002b). Settling velocity of the particle can be given by Stokes law (Simons and Senturk 1977).…”

Section: Total Suspended Solids Submodelmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…However, time and funding constraints usually preclude such an extensive data set. Therefore, simple simulation models such as empirical, statistical, and regression models were developed that can be rapidly used with minimal data for predicting water quality improvements (Dortch and Gerald 1995;Kadlec and Knight 1996;Moustafa 1997;Reddy et al 1999;Xiuzhen et al 2003;Dardona 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Wetland Simulation Model for Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sediments Retention in Constructed Wetlands

Chavan

Dennett

2007

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Steamboat Creek, Washoe County, Nevada, is considered the most polluted tributary of the Truckee River, therefore the reduction of nutrients from the creek is an important factor in reducing eutrophication in the lower Truckee River. Restoration of the wetlands along the creek has been proposed as one method to improve water quality by reducing nutrient and sediments from non-point sources. This study was aimed to design a simulation model wetlands water quality model (WWQM) that evaluates nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediments retention from a constructed wetland system. WWQM is divided into four submodels: hydrological, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment. WWQM is virtual Visual Basic 6.0 program that calculates hydrologic parameters, nutrients, and sediments based on available data, simple assumptions, knowledge of the wetland system, and literature data. WWQM calibration and performance was evaluated using data sets obtained from the pilot-scale constructed wetland over a period of four and half years. The pilot-scale wetland was constructed to quantify the ability of the proposed wetland system for nutrient and sediment removal. WWQM simulates nutrient and sediments retention reasonably well and agrees with the observed values from the pilot-scale wetland system. The model predicts that wetlands along the creek will remove nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediments by 62, 38, and 84 %, respectively, which would help to reduce eutrophication in the lower Truckee River.

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Section: Total Suspended Solids Submodelmentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wetland Simulation Model for Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sediments Retention in Constructed Wetlands

Chavan

Dennett

2007

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…This suggests that the nutrient removal efficiency of our wetland would have been higher if the inflow rate were constant rather than variable. Some of the most detailed studies of wetland use for nutrient removal are of wetlands that receive relatively steady pumped inflows of river water (e.g., Hey et al, 1994; Mitsch et al, 1995, 1998; Moustafa, 1997). The performance of these wetlands may be much better than that of wetlands receiving variable unregulated inflow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient and Sediment Removal by a Restored Wetland Receiving Agricultural Runoff

et al. 2003

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Preserving or restoring wetlands may help reduce nonpoint-source pollution. Wetlands can act as filters Few studies have measured removal of pollutants by restored wetremoving particulate material, as sinks accumulating nulands that receive highly variable inflows. We used automated flowproportional sampling to monitor the removal of nutrients and sustrients, or as transformers converting nutrients to differ- extensively studied for their use in wastewater treatment although 30% of the total organic C input was removed. For the (Hammer, 1989; Kadlec and Knight, 1996). However, entire two-year period, the wetland removed 25% of the ammonium, wetlands constructed for wastewater treatment usually 52% of the nitrate, and 34% of the organic C it received, but there receive measured and controlled inflows of wastewater. was no significant net removal of total suspended solids (TSS) orAlso, the outflows from wastewater treatment wetlands other forms of N and P. Although the variability of inflow may have are usually monitored to check the wetland's perfordecreased the capacity of the wetland to remove materials, the wetland mance. Therefore, much is known about the capabilities still reduced nonpoint-source pollution.

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“…Several hydrodynamic modelling studies using numerical methods to study various aspects of CW have been undertaken. For example, Moustafa [9] developed a simple steady-state model to predict phosphorus retention in a wetland treatment system. Somes et al [10] used MIKE 21 (a two-dimensional depth-averaged model) to simulate the flow hydrodynamics within a wetland and compare the results with data collected from a fieldbased investigation.…”

Section: Background To Storm Water Wetlandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic modelling of free water-surface constructed storm water wetlands using a finite volume technique

Zounemat‐Kermani

Scholz

Tondar

2015

Environmental Technology

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One of the key factors in designing free water-surface constructed wetlands (FWS CW) is the hydraulic efficiency (λ), which depends primarily on the retention time of the polluted storm water. Increasing the hydraulic retention time (HRT) at various flow levels will increase λ of the overall constructed wetland (CW). The effects of characteristic geometric features that increase HRT were explored through the use of a two-dimensional depth-average hydrodynamic model. This numerical model was developed to solve the equations of continuity and motions on an unstructured triangular mesh using the Galerkin finite volume formulation and equations of the k-ε turbulence model. Eighty-nine diverse forms of artificial FWS CW with 11 different aspect ratios were numerically simulated and subsequently analysed for four scenarios: rectangular CW, modified rectangular CW with rounded edges, different inlet/outlet configurations of CW, and surface and submerged obstructions in front of the inlet part of the CW. Results from the simulations showed that increasing the aspect ratio has a direct influence on the enhancement of λ in all cases. However, the aspect ratio should be at least 9 in order to achieve an appropriate rate for λ in rectangular CW. Modified rounded rectangular CW improved λ by up to 23%, which allowed for the selection of a reduced aspect ratio. Simulation results showed that CW with low aspect ratios benefited from obstructions and optimized inlet/outlet configurations in terms of improved HRT.

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Graphical representation of nutrient removal in constructed wetlands

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Wetland Simulation Model for Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sediments Retention in Constructed Wetlands

Wetland Simulation Model for Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sediments Retention in Constructed Wetlands

Nutrient and Sediment Removal by a Restored Wetland Receiving Agricultural Runoff

Hydrodynamic modelling of free water-surface constructed storm water wetlands using a finite volume technique

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