Graphite-like Carbon Nitride Nanotube for Electrochemiluminescence Featuring High Efficiency, High Stability, and Ultrasensitive Ion Detection Capability

Abstract

Herein, for the first time, we introduced a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) luminophore based on a one-dimensional g-C 3 N 4 nanotube using K 2 S 2 O 8 as the coreactant. The g-C 3 N 4 nanotube/K 2 S 2 O 8 couple displayed very satisfactory ECL performance, i.e., an ECL efficiency (Φ ECL ) of 437% (vs 100% for the Ru(bpy) 3 2+ /K 2 S 2 O 8 reference) and excellent ECL stability (the relative standard deviation (RSD) = 0.78%). By contrast, Φ ECL and RSD of the control g-C 3 N 4 nanosheet/K 2 S 2 O 8 couple were merely 196% and 45.34%, respectively. The mechanism study revealed that the g-C 3 N 4 nanotube features a large surface area and much lower interfacial impedance in the porous microstructure, which are beneficial for accelerating the charge transfer rate and stabilizing charge/excitons for ECL. Moreover, using the g-C 3 N 4 nanotube/K 2 S 2 O 8 system as a sensing platform, excellent Cu 2+ detection capability was also achieved. Our work thus triggers a promising g-C 3 N 4 nanomaterial system toward ECL application.

A Unique, Porous C3N4 Nanotube for Electrochemiluminescence with High Emission Intensity and Long-Term Stability: The Role of Calcination Atmosphere

“…Figure 4 D shows the outstanding ECL stability of the C 3 N 4 NT-Air under continuous cyclic scans of 20 cycles, which is crucial for the sensing application. The superior stability of the C 3 N 4 nanotube can be attributed to the high specific surface area and rapid electron transfer rate of the tubular structure as our previously report [ 17 ].…”

“…Lu’ group developed a nitrogen vacancy engineering strategy to improve the ECL intensity and stability, and they found that the presence of nitrogen vacancy can facilitate electron transfer and trap the excess of electrons [ 16 ]. In a previous study, our group also introduced a one-dimensional C 3 N 4 nanotube as the ECL luminophore; thanks to the high specific surface area and rapid electron transfer rate of the tubular structure, it displayed a high ECL efficiency and satisfactory stability [ 17 ]. Nevertheless, up to now, the strategies for improving the ECL properties of C 3 N 4 materials are still limited, thus it is urgent to develop new methods to increase the of ECL signal and improve the stability of C 3 N 4 .…”

Progress and Prospects of Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors Based on Porous Nanomaterials

“…Due to their excellent stability and selectivity, porous nanomaterials have a wide range of applications in the field of ECL biosensors [ 92 , 93 ]. Here, we focus on introducing the applications of ECL biosensors based on porous nanomaterials in the detection of heavy metal ions, small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids in recent years.…”

Celebrating the 10th Anniversary of the Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences: Emerging Young Scientists in Physical Chemistry

“…The Letter by Wang et al 16 reveals the anisotropic d−d transition in rutile TiO 2 and describes a systematic energy shift of electronic structure due to symmetry broken at the surface. Apart from these mechanism studies, this Virtual Special Issue also contains recent advances on synthesis, assembly, and applications of advanced materials, such as Ag 2 Se thermoelectric material, 17 2D metal−organic frameworks (MOFs), 18 Published: January 20, 2022 25 porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs), 26 a SiO x -based memristor, 27 a graphitelike carbon nitride nanotube, 28 α-C:H film, 29 light-harvesting molecular wires, 30 a bioresponsive zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) system, 31 an M-PM 2−x -H 2 -based aqueous Zn battery, 32 and a MnO x @PAA@HKUST-1-DSF@BSA-based theranostic nanoagent. 33 The theoretical scientists in YIPA have always tried to explore high-throughput calculations to understand and design the functionality of advanced materials.…”

“…reveals the anisotropic d–d transition in rutile TiO 2 and describes a systematic energy shift of electronic structure due to symmetry broken at the surface. Apart from these mechanism studies, this Virtual Special Issue also contains recent advances on synthesis, assembly, and applications of advanced materials, such as Ag 2 Se thermoelectric material, 2D metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), ZnGa 2 O 4 :Cr 3+ nanoparticles, colloidal CdSe-based nanoplatelets, Cs 4 PbI 6 –CsPbI 3 :Yb perovskite nanocomposites, Ti 3+ ion-doped CsPbCl 3 perovskite nanocrystals, carbon quantum dots, colloidal photonic crystals, a K 2 Zn 3 (SO 4 )­(HSO 4 ) 2 F 4 -based nonlinear optical crystal, porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs), a SiO x -based memristor, a graphite-like carbon nitride nanotube, α-C:H film, light-harvesting molecular wires, a bioresponsive zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) system, an M-PM 2– x -H 2 -based aqueous Zn battery, and a MnO x @PAA@HKUST-1-DSF@BSA-based theranostic nanoagent …”