Graphitized Carbon Fibers as Multifunctional 3D Current Collectors for High Areal Capacity Li Anodes

Abstract

The Li metal anode has long been considered as one of the most ideal anodes due to its high energy density. However, safety concerns, low efficiency, and huge volume change are severe hurdles to the practical application of Li metal anodes, especially in the case of high areal capacity. Here it is shown that that graphitized carbon fibers (GCF) electrode can serve as a multifunctional 3D current collector to enhance the Li storage capacity. The GCF electrode can store a huge amount of Li via intercalation and electrodeposition reactions. The as-obtained anode can deliver an areal capacity as high as 8 mA h cm and exhibits no obvious dendritic formation. In addition, the enlarged surface area and porous framework of the GCF electrode result in lower local current density and mitigate high volume change during cycling. Thus, the Li composite anode displays low voltage hysteresis, high plating/stripping efficiency, and long lifespan. The multifunctional 3D current collector promisingly provides a new strategy for promoting the cycling lifespan of high areal capacity Li anodes.

Advanced Porous Carbon Materials for High‐Efficient Lithium Metal Anodes

“…Another feasible strategy is to apply multifunctional 3D current collectors with the features of high graphitization, high surface area and large pore volume to improve the Li-utilization and cycling lifespan of the Li composite anode. [40] In order to realize regulation of homogeneous mass and charge transfers across the Li/electrolyte interface for stable Li plating/stripping electrochemistry, future research should concentrate on a hybrid intercalation/nanoplating storage mechanism realized by a hybrid Li reservoir. [41] Following the above principles, we can realize a promising PC-based Li metal anode to enable next-generation energy storage.…”

Superlithiophilic Amorphous SiO2–TiO2 Distributed into Porous Carbon Skeleton Enabling Uniform Lithium Deposition for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries

“…[2,[6][7][8][9][10][11] However, even with the aid of these interfacial layers, uniform deposition is difficult as it is dependent on a plethora of external factors including ion diffusion, screw dislocation of atoms, and the morphology of the electrode surface. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] This specific technique offers several advantages: [26] 1) the porous structure reduces the local current density and ensures sufficient Li ion flux; 2) the porous 3D skeleton accommodates the volumetric change of the Li anode during the plating and stripping progress; 3) Li is deposited on the interior of the 3D matrices, but not directly on the surface of the electrode, thus prohibiting dendrite growth. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] This specific technique offers several advantages: [26] 1) the porous structure reduces the local current density and ensures sufficient Li ion flux; 2) the porous 3D skeleton accommodates the volumetric change of the Li anode during the plating and stripping progress; 3) Li is deposited on the interior of the 3D matrices, but not directly on the surface of the electrode, thus prohibiting dendrite growth.…”

Controlled Ionic Tunneling in Lithium Nanoionic Synaptic Transistor through Atomically Thin Graphene Layer for Neuromorphic Computing

“…[27,28] Polymer-based solid-state electrolyte systems give better control over OCP and stability, but patterning of top gate architecture with PEO: LiClO 4 electrolyte is challenging since they are soluble in a commonly used lithographic solvent. [38][39][40][41] The strong inter planer strength in graphite can effectively block the high flux of Li + and prevent the Li dendrite formation. [29,30] Additionally, the well-known effect of Li + ion nucleation at electrolyte interface (dendrite formation) in energy storage devices needs to be taken into account in LIST device.…”

“…Therefore, PEO: LiClO 4 electrolyte-based LIST devices are always fabricated with lateral gate architecture with several micrometer gaps from a channel that would induce a large electric double layer (EDL) formation, which causes negative impact on the ion migration reversibility. [41,42] However, the Li + ion tunneling through graphite layer is still a burden due to the relatively small hexagonal ring size and low density of topological defects. [31,32] Although LIST devices have achieved great success in building artificial synapses, the Li + nucleation at channel-electrolyte interface (dendrite growth) and instability of electrolyte-channel interface remain as the grand challenges that prevent their practical application.…”