Graphitized nanodiamond supporting PtNi alloy as stable anodic and cathodic electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cell

Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

“…As in the case of the methanol oxidation, the enhanced EOR activity of these binary catalysts than that of bare Pt was attributed to the bifunctional effect and to the electronic interaction between Pt and alloyed metals. C-C bond cleavage on Pt, however, is hindered by Sn presence in both ) Agrawal et al [22]; ( ) Wang et al [41]; ( ) Luo et al [42]; (∆) Hu et al [43]; (O) Li et al [47]. …”

“…The ratio between the peak current in the forward (I f ) and the backward scan (I b ) is usually taken as the measure for the tolerance of the catalyst against poisoning by adsorbed species coming from the dissociative methanol adsorption, a higher I f /I b ratio indicating higher tolerance. The dependence of the Pt-Ni to Pt I f /I b ratio (I f /I b Pt-Ni /I f /I b Pt ) from different datasets [38,[40][41][42][43][44] is shown in Figure 1d: <1 are the number of values of the ratio total and lower than 1, respectively. The highest value of these ratios was observed for the ECSA (27%).…”

“…Up to now, the effect of alloyed and non-alloyed Ni on the electrochemical parameters of the Pt-Ni catalysts was not enough evaluated. The effect of the lattice parameter, that is, of the alloying degree, on the SA Pt-Ni /SA Pt and I f /I b Pt-Ni /I f /I b Pt atomic ratios of Pt-Ni (1:1) catalysts from different datasets [22,[41][42][43]47] is shown in Figure 2. The SA Pt-Ni /SA Pt ratio goes to a maximum at an intermediate degree of alloying, corresponding to a Ni content in the alloy of ca.…”

“…The dependence of the Pt-Ni to Pt electrochemically active surface area (ECSA Pt-Ni /ECSA Pt ), MOR specific activity (SA Pt-Ni /SA Pt ) and mass activity (MA Pt-Ni /MA Pt ) ratios in acid media on Ni content in the Pt-Ni catalysts with various alloying degrees from different datasets [20][21][22][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] is shown in Figure 1a-c, respectively. As can be seen in Figure 1a the ECSA Pt-Ni /ECSA Pt .…”

“…) Agrawal et al [22]; ( ) Wang et al [37]; ( ) Jiang et al [38]; ( ) Nassr et al [39]; ( ) Hao et al [40]; ( [20]; (▲) Zhou et al [21]; (◄)Agrawal et al [22]; (■) Wang et al [37]; (•) Jiang et al [38]; (▼) Nassr et al [39]; (♦) Hao et al [40]; (►) Wang et al [41]; (*) Luo et al [42]; (X) Hu et al [43]; (O) Zhou et al [44].…”