Grassland plant species and cultivar effects on nitrous oxide emissions after urine application

Bowatte, Saman; Hoogendoorn, C. J.; Newton, Paul C. D.; Liu, Yang; Brock, Shona C.; Theobald, P. W.

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.03.001

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The range of cumulative N 2 O-N fluxes (0.05-1.59 kg N ha −1 ) observed in this study from experiment 2 was slightly lower than the 0.08-3.2 kg N ha −1 reported for similar simulated grazing experiments [7,22], probably since these previous authors used crop swards. The N 2 O EFs observed for urine and dung in the current study might be related to the soil, climate, and management practices.…”

Section: N 2 O Emissions and Emission Factorscontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…Besides, herbs, such as Plantago lanceolate, may result in reduced N 2 O emission losses from grazed grasslands [7,21]. Some plant species, such as Plantago lanceolata may influence the soil N cycling processes through root exudation of secondary plant metabolites, including biological nitrification inhibitors [21,22]. However, the soil-environment interaction effect might influence the degree to which plants mediate N cycling [23], and the potential of these species in mixtures is not yet fully understood [19].…”

Section: Of 26mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We expected lower N 2 O emissions from the most diverse pasture (prwrch) under both grazing and simulated grazing experiments, based on the assumption that diverse pastures increase plant productivity through increased niche complementarity, resource uptake efficiency, and N transfer from legumes to grasses/herbs, and particularly, as these also contained plants reported to reduce N 2 O emission via nitrification inhibitors [7,22]. A decreasing trend in N 2 O emission as grassland diversity increased was observed from grazed plots in 2019 ( Figure 3) and when excreta N 2 O emitted was related to the N uptake (Table 3).…”

Section: The Effect Of Grassland Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PRN was about 67% higher for prwrc than prwc or prwrc, leading to a relatively low N uptake for prwrc. The similar N uptake for prwrc and prwrch might be due to the high grass proportion (Table 3) as grasses have a higher potential to utilize soil N for growth, hence, reducing soil N and the nitrification/denitrification potential of the soils [22]. The range of N uptake by the grasslands in this study appears to be on the upper side of the range of values (10-450 kg N ha −1 year −1 ) reported by Bessler et al [68].…”

Section: Soil Mineral N Availability and Plant N Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrous Oxide Emission from Grazing Is Low across a Gradient of Plant Functional Diversity and Soil Conditions

et al. 2021

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from pastures can vary significantly depending on soil and environmental conditions, nitrogen (N) input, as well as the plant’s ability to take up the N. We tested the hypothesis that legume-based N sources are characterized by significantly lower emission factors than mineral N based dairy systems. Therefore, this study monitored N2O emissions for a minimum of 100 days and up to two growing seasons across a gradient of plant species diversity. Emissions were measured from both, grazed pastures and a controlled application of urine and dung using the static chamber method. About 90% of the accumulated N2O emissions occurred during the first 60–75 days. The average accumulated N2O emissions were 0.11, 0.87, 0.99, and 0.21 kg ha−1 for control, dung, urine patches, and grazed pastures, respectively. The N uptake efficiency at the excreta patch scale was about 70% for both dung and urine. The highest N2O-N emission factor was less than half compared with the IPCC default (0.3 vs. 0.77), suggesting an overestimation of N2O-N emissions from organically managed pastures in temperate climates. Plant diversity showed no significant effect on the N2O emissions. However, functional groups were significant (p < 0.05). We concluded that legume-containing pasture systems without a fertilizer addition generally appear capable of utilizing nitrogen inputs from excreta patches efficiently, resulting in low N2O emissions.

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Section: N 2 O Emissions and Emission Factorscontrasting

confidence: 76%

Section: Of 26mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Effect Of Grassland Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Mineral N Availability and Plant N Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrous Oxide Emission from Grazing Is Low across a Gradient of Plant Functional Diversity and Soil Conditions

et al. 2021

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“…We investigated all fertilization events during the 4‐year observation period comparing the development of cumulative N 2 O fluxes of observations and simulations for 14 days after a fertilizer amendment. The 2‐week period has previously been identified as a general time span within which N 2 O emissions return to prefertilization values (e.g., Bowatte et al, ). At the Chamau site N 2 O fluxes typically decayed within less than a week (Fuchs et al, ; Hörtnagl et al, ); thus, the chosen time interval was a conservative choice to include potentially lagged simulated N 2 O emission peaks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodel Evaluation of Nitrous Oxide Emissions From an Intensively Managed Grassland

et al. 2020

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Process-based models are useful for assessing the impact of changing management practices and climate on yields and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural systems such as grasslands. They can be used to construct national GHG inventories using a Tier 3 approach. However, accurate simulations of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) fluxes remain challenging. Models are limited by our understanding of soil-plant-microbe interactions and the impact of uncertainty in measured input parameters on simulated outputs. To improve model performance, thorough evaluations against in situ measurements are needed. Experimental data of N 2 O emissions under two management practices (control with typical fertilization versus increased clover and no fertilization) were acquired in a Swiss field experiment. We conducted a multimodel evaluation with three commonly used biogeochemical models (DayCent in two variants, PaSim, APSIM in two variants) comparing four years of data. DayCent was the most accurate model for simulating N 2 O fluxes on annual timescales, while APSIM was most accurate for daily N 2 O fluxes. The multimodel ensemble average reduced the error in estimated annual fluxes by 41% compared to an estimate using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)-derived method for the Swiss agricultural GHG inventory (IPCC-Swiss), but individual models were not systematically more accurate than IPCC-Swiss. The model ensemble overestimated the N 2 O mitigation effect of the clover-based treatment (measured: 39-45%; ensemble: 52-57%) but was more accurate than IPCC-Swiss (IPCC-Swiss: 72-81%). These results suggest that multimodel ensembles are valuable for estimating the impact of climate and management on N 2 O emissions. Plain Language SummaryWe tested the performance of three dynamic simulation models against measured nitrous oxide (N 2 O) fluxes and its driver variables for a Swiss grassland. We showed that DayCent performed best in the prediction of annual N 2 O emissions but was outperformed by APSIM for daily N 2 O emissions. We identified particular strengths and weaknesses of each model. Further, we compared the individual models against the N 2 O flux estimate made with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)-derived method for the Swiss agricultural greenhouse gas inventory (IPCC-Swiss). Most individual models were worse than IPCC-Swiss but the mean of all model predictions was much better than IPCC-Swiss. All methods overestimated the N 2 O mitigation effect of a clover-based N 2 O mitigation. IPCC-Swiss was worst and the model ensemble was best at estimating the effects of the mitigation. The findings highlight that using multiple models in an ensemble is beneficial for assessing management and climate impacts on N 2 O emissions.

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Evidence of differences in nitrous oxide emissions and biological nitrification inhibition among Elymus grass species

Bowatte

et al. 2021

Biol Fertil Soils

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Grassland plant species and cultivar effects on nitrous oxide emissions after urine application

Cited by 22 publications

References 53 publications

Nitrous Oxide Emission from Grazing Is Low across a Gradient of Plant Functional Diversity and Soil Conditions

Nitrous Oxide Emission from Grazing Is Low across a Gradient of Plant Functional Diversity and Soil Conditions

Multimodel Evaluation of Nitrous Oxide Emissions From an Intensively Managed Grassland

Evidence of differences in nitrous oxide emissions and biological nitrification inhibition among Elymus grass species

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