Grating Lobe Suppression Through Novel, Sparse Laser Induced Phased Array Design

Lukács, Péter; Davis, Geo; Pieris, Don; Gachagan, Anthony; Stratoudaki, Theodosia

doi:10.1109/ius54386.2022.9958020

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the realisation of the SMC presented in this paper, highly sparse equidistant linear LIPAs were utilised during stage 1, the scatterer detection stage, however other sparse LIPA designs have been demonstrated (e.g. random arrays, Vernier) that are able to increase the array imaging ability with reduced number of array elements [6]. These designs could lead to the scatterer detection stage being able to locate the ROI earlier, further improving the speed of this method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing approaches include those that address sparsity based on: a) transducer phased array design, e.g. non-periodic sparse arrays [4][5][6], random arrays [7], spiral arrays [8] and Vernier arrays [5] each with their respective advantages and disadvantages [9] and b) those that address it through signal processing, where a sparse data set is captured and then the FMC data set is reconstructed [10]. An example is to use Deep Learning to artificially produce the remaining data of the Full Matrix [11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike transducer-based ultrasonic probes, LU is a completely non-contact method that can operate remotely, does not require any couplant and can adapt itself to complex geometries, addressing some current limitations of transducer-based ultrasonic arrays. In LIPAs, data acquisition is carried out by one generation and one detection laser, scanned independently of each other, allowing any arbitrary array design, with decoupled generation and detection layouts [6,19].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Online evolution of a phased array for ultrasonic imaging by a novel adaptive data acquisition method

Lukacs,

Stratoudaki,

Davis

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Ultrasonic imaging using ultrasonic phased arrays has an enormous impact in science, medicine and society and is a widely used modality in many application fields. The maximum amount of information which can be captured by an array is provided by the data acquisition method capturing the complete data set of signals from all possible combinations of ultrasonic generation and detection elements of a dense array. However, capturing this complete data set requires long data acquisition time, large number of array elements and transmit channels and produces a large volume of data. All these reasons make such data acquisition unfeasible due to the existing phased array technology or non-applicable to cases requiring fast measurement time. This paper introduces the concept of an adaptive data acquisition process, the Selective Matrix Capture (SMC), which can adapt, dynamically, to specific imaging requirements for efficient ultrasonic imaging. SMC is realised experimentally using Laser Induced Phased Arrays (LIPAs), that use lasers to generate and detect ultrasound. The flexibility and reconfigurability of LIPAs enable the evolution of the array configuration, on-the-fly. The SMC methodology consists of two stages: a stage for detecting and localising regions of interest, by means of iteratively synthesising a sparse array, and a second stage for array optimisation to the region of interest. The delay-and-sum is used as the imaging algorithm and the experimental results are compared to images produced using the complete generation-detection data set. It is shown that SMC, without a priori knowledge of the test sample, is able to achieve comparable results, while preforming ∼10 times faster data acquisition and achieving ∼ 10 times reduction in data size.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Online evolution of a phased array for ultrasonic imaging by a novel adaptive data acquisition method

Lukacs,

Stratoudaki,

Davis

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Grating lobe suppression through optimised array design has been presented for LIPAs. Vernier and random 2D array layouts were designed for LIPAs, which were experimentally realised through a 2D scanning system [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grating-lobe Suppression through Angular Weighting for Laser Induced Phased Arrays

Lukacs,

Pieris,

Davis

et al. 2023

2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)

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Laser Induced Phased Arrays (LIPAs) use lasers to generate and detect ultrasound, synthesizing the array in post processing. Data acquisition is done remotely, without couplant, addressing NDE challenges of inspection on complex structures and under extreme environments. Previously highresolution ultrasonic imaging of components using LIPAs have been demonstrated by capturing the Full Matrix and employing the Total Focusing Method (TFM) as imaging algorithm. However, the Full Matrix Capture data acquisition method requires long acquisition time due to the mechanical scanning of lasers, compromising the application potential of LIPAs. It is possible to increase the data acquisition speed by reducing the number of array elements. Nevertheless, this can lead to the generation of grating lobes (GL), when the Nyquist sampling limit is exceeded for the interelement spacing of the array. In transducer phased arrays, GL can be suppressed by applying an angular limit in the TFM algorithm. This implementation is ideal for omnidirectional directivity centered around the surface normal, which is not the case for LIPA elements. In this work we are using an adaptive angular weighting factor that is suitable for LIPAs considering LU characteristics.

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Laser ultrasonic frequency-domain imaging and phase weighted optimization based on full matrix capture

Liu,

Chen,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Ultrasonics

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Grating Lobe Suppression Through Novel, Sparse Laser Induced Phased Array Design

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Online evolution of a phased array for ultrasonic imaging by a novel adaptive data acquisition method

Online evolution of a phased array for ultrasonic imaging by a novel adaptive data acquisition method

Grating-lobe Suppression through Angular Weighting for Laser Induced Phased Arrays

Laser ultrasonic frequency-domain imaging and phase weighted optimization based on full matrix capture

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