Graves&amp;rsquo; thyrotoxicosis following Hashimoto&amp;rsquo;s thyroiditis

Troisi, Alessandro; Novati, P; Sali, L; Colzani, Maria; G, Monti; Cardillo, Carmine; Tesauro, Manfredi

doi:10.2147/rred.s38053

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This is not surprising considering that such a conversion is known to be detectable in the natural history of patients with HT (42,43,44,45,46) and has also been specifically described in children with either TS (29,30,31) or DS (38,47). Moreover, the shifting HT/GD has been, just recently, found to be more common in GD children with these chromosomal aberrations than in those without them (48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Five-year prospective evaluation of thyroid function in girls with subclinical mild hypothyroidism of different etiology

Waśniewska

Aversa

Salerno

et al. 2015

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Aim: To follow-up for 5 years thyroid status evolution in 127 girls with mild (TSH 5-10 mU/l) subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) of different etiologies. Patients: The population was divided into two age-matched groups of 42 and 85 girls with either idiopathic (group A) or Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT)-related SH (group B). Group B was in turn divided into three subgroups, according to whether SH was either isolated or associated with Turner syndrome (TS) or Down syndrome (DS). Results: At the end of follow-up the rate of girls who became euthyroid was higher in group A (61.9% vs 10.6%), whereas the rates of patients who remained SH (55.3% vs 26.2%), became overtly hypothyroid (30.6% vs 11.9%) or required levothyroxine (L-T 4 ) therapy (63.5% vs 23.8%) were higher in group B. Among the girls of group B, the risk of remaining SH or developing overt hypothyroidism was higher in the subgroups with TS or DS than in those with isolated HT. Conclusions: Long-term prognosis of mild and idiopathic SH is frequently benign, even though a L-T 4 treatment may be needed throughout follow-up in almost a quarter of cases; long-term prognosis is different in the girls with either idiopathic or HT-related SH; and the association with either TS or DS impairs the outcome of HT-related SH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Five-year prospective evaluation of thyroid function in girls with subclinical mild hypothyroidism of different etiology

Waśniewska

Aversa

Salerno

et al. 2015

European Journal of Endocrinology

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show abstract

“…Furthermore, both disorders may cluster in the same families or may coexist in the same glands and some patients may progress from one form to the other. According to many reports, in fact, the relative frequency of such a conversion from HT to GD or viceversa does not seem to be exceptionally low in both adults and children (10, 58, 60, 61) which suggests the existence of a continuum between GD and HT within the broad spectrum of AITDs. It is worthy to be underlined that the sequential shifting from HT to GD has been reported to occur more often in children and adolescents with DS than in those without DS (8, 9, 16, 37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Other peculiarities of thyroid autoimmunity are represented by the links between HT and GD and the fluctuations in thyroid function from hypo- to hyperthyroidism or viceversa, that may sometimes occur in patients with AITDs (10, 11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Expression of Autoimmunity in Children With Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders

et al. 2019

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Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), including Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD), tend to aggregate with other non-thyroidal autoimmune diseases (NTADs). Aim of this Mini-review is to report the most recent insights concerning the clustering of NTADs in pediatric patients with either HT or GD, the pathophysiology of AITDs and the metamorphic thyroid autoimmunity. A systematic literature research of the last 15 years, according to EQUATOR statement, was carried out through MEDLINE via PubMed ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ ) Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, based on the following keywords: (autoimmune thyroid disease OR Hashimoto thyroiditis OR Grave's disease) AND (autoimmune comorbidities OR extra-thyroidal autoimmune disorders) AND (children OR adolescents OR pediatrics) AND (celiac disease OR type 1 diabetes mellitus OR arthropathies OR cutaneous diseases) AND (Turner syndrome OR Down syndrome). One-hundred and twenty-eight manuscripts were extrapolated but only seventeen were eligible. On the basis of the available reports it may be inferred that clustering of NTADs can be significantly modified by both patients' age at AITDs presentation and association with Down's syndrome (DS). Particularly, the association of AITDs with celiac disease and type 1 diabetes was most commonly reported in children than in adults. A sequential shifting from HT to GD has been described in children with AITDs, and it seems to be more frequent in children with DS than in those without DS. Coexistence of autoimmune diseases might be the result of a complex interaction among genetics, environment and epigenetic modifications that are able to affect gene expression, immune system response and, finally, the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.

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The Evolution of Thyroid Function after Presenting with Hashimoto Thyroiditis Is Different between Initially Euthyroid Girls with and Those without Turner Syndrome

Waśniewska

Salerno²,

Corrias³

et al. 2016

Horm Res Paediatr

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Aim: To prospectively investigate, during a 5-year follow-up, whether the prognosis of thyroid function with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is different in euthyroid girls with Turner syndrome (TS) than in euthyroid girls without TS. Design: In 66 TS girls and 132 non-TS girls with euthyroid HT and similar thyroid functional test results at HT diagnosis, we followed up the evolution of thyroid status over time. Results: At the end of follow-up, the TS girls exhibited higher TSH levels, lower fT₄ levels, and lower prevalence rates of both euthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism, but higher prevalence rates of both overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, irrespective of the karyotype. Conclusions: An association with TS is able to impair the long-term prognosis of thyroid function in girls with HT. Such an effect occurs irrespective of thyroid functional test results at HT diagnosis and is not necessarily linked with a specific karyotype.

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Graves’ thyrotoxicosis following Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Five-year prospective evaluation of thyroid function in girls with subclinical mild hypothyroidism of different etiology

Five-year prospective evaluation of thyroid function in girls with subclinical mild hypothyroidism of different etiology

Phenotypic Expression of Autoimmunity in Children With Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders

The Evolution of Thyroid Function after Presenting with Hashimoto Thyroiditis Is Different between Initially Euthyroid Girls with and Those without Turner Syndrome

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