Gravitational SIMPs

Barman, Basabendu; Bernal, Nicolás

doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2021/06/011

Cited by 46 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…In addition to the direct couplings for scalar dark matter studied in the previous subsection, all the particles can interact with the DM through graviton exchanges [69,70,[75][76][77][78][79]. Expanding the metric around flat space g µν η µν + h µν /M Pl , we find…”

Section: Effects Of Graviton Exchangesmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Reheating and Dark Matter Freeze-in in the Higgs-$R^2$ Inflation Model

Aoki,

Lee,

Menkara

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We study the post-inflationary dynamics for reheating and freeze-in dark matter in the Higgs-R 2 inflation model. Taking the perturbative approach for reheating, we determine the evolution of the temperature for radiation bath produced during inflation and determine the maximum and reheating temperatures of the Universe. Adopting a singlet scalar dark matter with a conformal non-minimal coupling and a vanishing Higgs-portal coupling, we discuss the freeze-in production of dark matter both from the non-thermal scattering during reheating and the thermal scattering after reheating. We find that the non-thermal inflaton scattering process is dominant for dark matter production in most of the parameter space. The reheating temperature in our model is determined dominantly by the Higgs condensate to be up to about 10 14 GeV and dark matter with masses up to about 10 5 GeV can be produced with a correct relic density.

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Section: Effects Of Graviton Exchangesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The expression differs from that of Ref [78]. by a small numerical factor because we employed the Maxwell-Boltzmann approximation for the radiation distribution in deriving Eq (79)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reheating and Dark Matter Freeze-in in the Higgs-$R^2$ Inflation Model

Aoki,

Lee,

Menkara

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The first two cases belong to pure gravitational production, where the DM particle production occurs via gravitational interaction which is described in terms of coupling of the energy-momentum tensor to the metric perturbation, where the latter is identified as the quantum field for the spin-2 massless graviton [58][59][60]. This subsequently gives rise to interactions of all matter fields with the graviton and also pair production of DM particles, satisfying the whole observed DM abundance [61][62][63][64][65][66][67]. On the other hand, DM can also be produced directly from inflaton decay with a tiny branching fraction, if the inflaton couples to DM fields.…”

Section: Scenarios With Time-dependent Inflaton Decaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We take up the first case where the DM is gravitationally produced via the UV freeze-in mechanism of 2-to-2 annihilation of SM particles mediated by the s-channel exchange of gravitons. The interaction rate density for such a process reads [30,61,63,64,[67][68][69] with α 1.9 × 10 −4 (real scalar DM), α 1.1 × 10 −3 (Dirac DM) or α 2.3 × 10 −3 (vector DM). Comparing with Eq.…”

Section: Gravitational Uv Freeze-inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultraviolet Freeze-in with a Time-dependent Inflaton Decay

Barman,

Bernal,

et al. 2022

Preprint

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It is typically assumed that during reheating the inflaton decays with a constant decay width. However, this is not guaranteed and can have a strong impact on the dark matter (DM) genesis. In the context of the ultraviolet (UV) freeze-in mechanism, if the operators connecting the dark and visible sectors are of sufficiently high mass dimension, the bulk of the DM abundance is produced during and not after reheating. We study here the impact of a time-dependent decay width of the inflaton on the DM abundance, emphasizing the differences with respect to the cases where the decay is either instantaneous or constant. We also provide concrete examples for DM production via UV freeze-in, e.g., from 2-to-2 scatterings of standard model particles, or from inflaton scatterings or decays, elucidating how the time-dependence influences the DM yield."All war is a symptom of man's failure as a thinking animal."-John Steinbeck, 'Once There Was A War ' (1958)

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Higgs boson induced reheating and ultraviolet frozen-in dark matter

Ahmed

Grza̧dkowski

Socha

2023

J. High Energ. Phys.

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A reheating phase in the early universe is an essential part of all inflationary models during which not only the Standard Model (SM) quanta are produced but it can also shed light on the production of dark matter. In this work, we explore a class of reheating models where the reheating is induced by a cubic interaction of the inflaton ϕ to the SM Higgs boson h of the form ghϕMPlϕ|h|2 adopting the α-attractor T-model of inflation. Assuming inflaton as a background field such interaction implies a ϕ-dependent mass term of the Higgs boson and a non-trivial phase-space suppression of the reheating efficiency. As a consequence, the reheating is prolonged and the maximal temperature of the SM thermal bath is reduced. In particular, due to oscillations of the inflaton field the ϕ-dependent Higgs boson mass results in periodic transitions between phases of broken and unbroken electroweak gauge symmetry. The consequences of these rapid phase transitions have been studied in detail. A purely gravitational reheating mechanism in the presence of the inflaton background, i.e., for ghϕ = 0, has also been investigated. It turned out that even though it may account for the total production of SM radiation in the absence of ghϕ, its contribution to the reheating is subdominant for the range of ghϕ considered in this work. Approximate analytical solutions of Boltzmann equations for energy densities of the inflaton and SM radiation have been obtained. As a dark matter candidate a massive Abelian vector boson, Xμ, has been considered. Various production mechanisms of Xμ have been discussed including (i) purely gravitational production from the inflaton background, (ii) gravitational freeze-in from the SM quanta, (iii) inflaton decay through a dim-5 effective operator, and (iv) Higgs portal freeze-in and Higgs decay through a dim-6 effective operator. Parameters that properly describe the observed relic abundance have been determined.

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Gravitational SIMPs

Cited by 46 publications

References 177 publications

Reheating and Dark Matter Freeze-in in the Higgs-$R^2$ Inflation Model

Reheating and Dark Matter Freeze-in in the Higgs-$R^2$ Inflation Model

Ultraviolet Freeze-in with a Time-dependent Inflaton Decay

Higgs boson induced reheating and ultraviolet frozen-in dark matter

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