Gravity and tectonic model across the Sulaiman fold belt and the Chaman fault zone in western Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan

Jadoon, Ishtiaq A. K.; Khurshid, Akbar

doi:10.1016/0040-1951(95)00078-x

Cited by 56 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…We disagree with the notion of Kerr et al (2010a) that the Gogai and Bibai thrusts are likely to extend below 45-55 km depths in order to provide routes for magma that was generated in the asthenosphere to migrate to the surface. The overall tectonics of the region has been interpreted as thin-skinned and in the Sulaiman Fold-Thrust Belt Triassic through Pliocene successions overlie the crystalline basement of the Indian plate (Jadoon & Khurshid 1996). Kerr et al (2010a) indicate that the chemistry of the Bibai Volcanics (Kerr et al 2010b) and the analysed samples are broadly similar; however, the Bibai Volcanics have lower concentrations of incompatible trace elements at equivalent MgO contents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is no evidence of any volcanic activity after the eruptions of the Late Cretaceous Bibai Formation (~74 Ma). Depth to the Moho in this area varies from 40 to 55 km (Jadoon & Khurshid 1996) and, therefore, total thickness of the lithosphere is likely to be considerably greater than this. The third incident occurred at the Jang Tor Ghar massif of the well-known Muslim Bagh Ophiolites, 7 km SE of the town of Muslim Bagh (Figures 1 and 4).…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrences of rock-fulgurites associated with steel pylons of the overhead electric transmission line at Tor Zawar, Ziarat District and Jang Tor Ghar, Muslim Bagh, Pakistan

KASSI¹,

KASI²,

FRIIS³

et al. 2013

Turkish J Earth Sci

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrences of rock-fulgurites associated with steel pylons of the overhead electric transmission line at Tor Zawar, Ziarat District and Jang Tor Ghar, Muslim Bagh, Pakistan

KASSI¹,

KASI²,

FRIIS³

et al. 2013

Turkish J Earth Sci

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“…1) The tectonically lowermost is the calcareous belt of sediments belonging to the Indian plate passive margin, which are composed of limestone, sandstone, and mudstone ranging in age from early Jurassic to Paleocene (e.g., Jones, 1961;Warraich et al, 1995;Naka et al, 1996;Jadoon and Khurshid, 1996).…”

Section: Regional Geology and The Muslim Bagh Ophiolitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) The calcareous belt is thrust over by the suture zone that consists of the Muslim Bagh Ophiolite and Bagh Complex and lies between the Indian plate and the Afghan block (Gansser, 1964;Jadoon and Khurshid, 1996; Figure 1). The Muslim Bagh Ophiolite is exposed in the form of two major blocks, namely the Jang Tor Ghar Massif (JTGM) and the Saplai Tor Ghar Massif (STGM), that are thrust over a zone of sub-ophiolitic metamorphic rocks and mélange (Bilgrami, 1964;Mahmood et al, 1995;Naka et al, 1996; Figure 1).…”

Section: Regional Geology and The Muslim Bagh Ophiolitementioning

confidence: 99%

Petrology and geochemistry of mafic dykes from the Muslim Bagh Ophiolite (Pakistan): implications for petrogenesis and emplacement

Kakar¹,

Mahmood²,

Arif³

et al. 2015

Turkish J Earth Sci

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Two different types of mafic dykes are found in the Muslim Bagh Ophiolite: 1) a sheeted dyke complex and 2) a mafic dyke swarm. Relative to the host plutonic section, the sheeted dykes are poorly developed, implying that they formed in an oceanic setting with a low and intermittent supply of magma, probably because of cyclic accumulation of crystals at the base of the magma chamber. Both the sheeted dykes and the dyke swarms have been metamorphosed to greenschist/amphibolite facies conditions. With the exception of the upper level gabbros and sheeted dykes, the dyke swarms crosscut almost the whole ophiolite suite as well as the metamorphic sole rocks, but are truncated structurally at the contact with the underlying mélange and sediments. Hence, the injection of the dyke swarms postdates the formation of both the main Muslim Bagh Ophiolite and the metamorphic sole rocks, but predates the accretion of the mélange and the final emplacement of the ophiolite onto the Indian plate margin. Both the sheeted dykes and dyke swarms are tholeiitic and have a geochemical signature of either island arc tholeiites (IAT) or are transitional between mid-oceanic ridge basalts and IAT. Oceanic rocks with such characteristics, especially their enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements, are generally thought to have formed by processes involving a subduction zone component in the source region by fluids released from the subducting slab. The Muslim Bagh Ophiolite sheeted dykes originated in the late Cretaceous, in a supra-subduction zone tectonic setting related to the subduction of a narrow branch of the Neo-Tethys Ocean, followed by a subduction rollback due to splitting of the nascent arc in the Tethys Ocean. This intra-oceanic subduction led to the formation of a metamorphic sole, followed by the off-axis intrusion of mafic dykes into the ophiolite through a slab window. The Muslim Bagh Ophiolite was accreted to the Bagh Complex and finally obducted onto the Indian Platform.

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“…Several researchers assessed the tsunami hazard along the coast of Iran, Pakistan and Oman originating from the subduction process [11][12][13]. Heidarzadeh and his colleagues [14,15] [18][19][20][21]. These motions typically result in northsouth to northeast-southwest strike-slip motion at the latitude of the September 24 earthquake that is primarily accommodated on the Chaman Fault, with the earthquake potentially occurring on one of the southern-most strands of this fault system [5].…”

Section: Figure 5: Photos Of Destroyed Buildings and Relief Campmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Balochistan Earthquake 2013: Emergence of a New Island in the Arabian Sea

Raja¹,

Iqbal²,

Jadoon³

et al. 2017

JESES

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ABSTRACT:A massive earthquake of 7.7 magnitude struck south-central Pakistan on September 24, 2013. The epicenter of the earthquake was 63 km northnorth-east (NNE) of Awaran in Baluchistan. The earthquake caused the death of 386 people, leaving thousands homeless. The earthquake also affected different cities in Iran, India and Afghanistan. The fundamental cause of the earthquake was displacement along obliquestrike-slip fault at a depth of only 15 km (9.3 miles). The quake has created an island in the Arabian Sea which is an unusual in case of strikeslip faulting and it raises the question of the nature and original mechanism of the earthquake. The formation of the island indicates that there is a significant push of the northward moving IndoPakistani plate along with oblique-strike-slip faulting which was the original motion of the earthquake. These facts were discussed and explained in this paper.

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Gravity and tectonic model across the Sulaiman fold belt and the Chaman fault zone in western Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan

Cited by 56 publications

References 37 publications

Occurrences of rock-fulgurites associated with steel pylons of the overhead electric transmission line at Tor Zawar, Ziarat District and Jang Tor Ghar, Muslim Bagh, Pakistan

Occurrences of rock-fulgurites associated with steel pylons of the overhead electric transmission line at Tor Zawar, Ziarat District and Jang Tor Ghar, Muslim Bagh, Pakistan

Petrology and geochemistry of mafic dykes from the Muslim Bagh Ophiolite (Pakistan): implications for petrogenesis and emplacement

The Balochistan Earthquake 2013: Emergence of a New Island in the Arabian Sea

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