Gravity-induced sea ice desalination under low temperature

Gu, Wei; Lin, Yebin; Yu, Xu; Chen, W.-B.; Tao, Jun; Yuan, Shuai

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2012.10.004

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with the research conducted by Gu et al (2012) and Gu et al (2013), which performed many studies regarding sea ice in the Bohai Rim, China. The purpose of gravity-induced sea ice desalination is to obtain freshwater resources, but sublimation and evaporation may result in a loss of this freshwater resource when a large amount of the ice was exposed to the air and various other climatic conditions are presented.…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

“…Low temperatures are not conducive to brine discharge, but are conducive to retention of freshwater ice. More information about brine discharge was discussed in the article of Gu et al (2013).…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The region possesses only 2 % of the water resources in China, and the annual per capita water consumption is less than 350 m 3 ). In the search for new freshwater resources to solve the water stress situation, researchers have demonstrated through numerous studies, beginning in 1995, that sea ice can be treated as a new freshwater resource (Shi et al 2002;Li et al 2007Li et al , 2013Gu et al 2012Gu et al , 2013Yuan et al 2012). The desalination of sea ice will ease the freshwater resource deficiencies in the Bohai Rim (Lin et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Atmospheric parameters affecting sea ice losses in the context of gravity desalination

Chao

et al. 2014

Theor Appl Climatol

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Gravity desalination is an important method for obtaining fresh water from sea ice; however, the large amount of ice that is exposed to air for long periods of time sublimates and evaporates, which results in a reduction of the freshwater resource. This paper describes a study of sea ice sublimation and evaporation performed during the winter of 2013 at the western shore of Bohai Bay, China, to determine the relationship between the amount of sublimation and evaporation and the atmospheric parameters. Substantial amounts of the Bohai sea ice sublimated and evaporated, ranging from 15 to 35 % of the total. The sublimation and evaporation amount was significantly different between the day and night and was greater in the daytime because of the relative humidity difference. Sublimation and evaporation is primarily affected by atmospheric parameters, and the amount of sublimation and evaporation exhibits a good linear relationship with the relative humidity and the wind speed; a comprehensive parameters formula was determined for the Bohai Rim in China. A 10 % increase of daily relative humidity will reduce approximately 1.5kg/m 2 /day of the sublimation and evaporation, and the amount of sublimation and evaporation increases by 1.76 kg/m 2 /day when the daily wind speed increases by 1 m/ s. To reduce the sublimation and evaporation and maximize the amount of this freshwater resource, gravity desalination sites should be selected where the wind speed is low and the relative humidity is high, i.e., the sea ice should be configured to reduce the adverse effects of sunlight, low humidity, and air turbulence.

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Section: Analysis and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Atmospheric parameters affecting sea ice losses in the context of gravity desalination

Chao

et al. 2014

Theor Appl Climatol

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“…The reason for this result was continuous change in the salinity and volume of infiltrated meltwater. Many studies have reported that the downward migration of brine pockets in saline ice induced by gravity leads to the continuous reduction of meltwater salinity during saline ice melting (Gu et al, 2012(Gu et al, , 2013Guo & Liu, 2013 infiltration of such meltwater is similar to that of fresh water following saline water infiltration, which results in greater salt leaching of coastal saline soil, that is, greater infiltration than that of fresh water (Choudhary, Ghuman, Josan, & Bajwa, 2006). There was also a strong salt leaching effect in the saline ice treatments in the present study.…”

Section: Soil Salt Distribution After Meltwater Infiltrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spring, the saline ice melts and gradually infiltrates with the increase in air temperature. The salinity of meltwater is extremely large initially, as is the melted saline ice, but then it rapidly decreases as fresh water melts (Gu et al, 2012;Gu, Lin, Xu, & Yuan, 2013;Luo, Chen, & Han, 2010). The continuous infiltration of desalinating meltwater has a strong leaching effect on salt in soil (Guo & Liu, 2014;Li et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of initial soil water content and bulk density on the infiltration and desalination of melting saline ice water in coastal saline soil

Guo

Liu

2019

European J Soil Science

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Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the infiltration of melting saline ice water into coastal saline soil with different initial water contents and bulk densities, together with the redistribution of water, salt and salt leaching after infiltration. Three water contents (5, 10 and 15% at a soil bulk density of 1.3 g cm−3) and three bulk density levels (1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 g cm−3 of air‐dry soil) of saline soil were used, with salt‐free ice comprising the control treatment. The results showed that the depth of infiltration with treatment by saline ice was greater than that of salt‐free ice, and increased as the initial soil water content and bulk density decreased. After infiltration, the soil water content in the upper soil layers increased with increasing initial soil water contents and bulk densities. This trend was reversed in the deeper soil layers. After infiltration of the melting ice water, the saline ice treatment resulted in a smaller soil salt content than the salt‐free ice treatment. The salt contents in the upper soil layers decreased with decreasing initial soil water contents and bulk densities. The largest rate of desalting was observed following infiltration of the melting saline ice water into the coastal saline soil with the smallest soil water content and bulk density. These results indicate that although a similar infiltration process was observed when the melting saline ice water and direct saline water infiltrated the saline soil with different soil water contents and bulk densities, the desalting effect of infiltration of the melting saline ice water was greater than that of infiltration of direct saline water and melting salt‐free ice water. Smaller initial water content and bulk density favoured salt leaching under the infiltration of melting saline ice water. Highlights We evaluated infiltration and soil desalination under melting saline ice into saline soil Rate of infiltration and depth increased with decreasing initial soil water content and bulk density. Soil water content in the top soil layer increased with increasing initial water content and bulk density. Rate of desalting increased with decrease in initial water content and bulk density under infiltration of melting saline ice water.

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An Investigation of the Factors Affecting Saline Ice Melting Processes and Desalination

Zhang

Yang

Yao

2018

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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In this study, a laboratory simulation experiment is undertaken to examine five factors affecting the melt-water quality and quantity changes during the melting process of saline ice: salinity, freezing/melting temperature, ion composition, and the freezing method. A field experiment is conducted to evaluate the freeze-thaw effects on desalination of saline water under natural conditions. The results show that for all treatments, the melt-water salinity sharply decreases during the first half of the melting process. Saline ice with a higher original salinity have higher melt-water salinity. The desalination rates increase with the original salinity when water salinity is less than 15 g L À1 , but production of available water shows the opposite trend. Saline ice frozen at À15 C increases production of available water by %23.66% relative to ice formed at À10 and À20 C. Nearly 25% of available water is lost during melting when the ambient temperature increases to 30 C. The addition of Ca 2þ significantly reduces desalination rates compared with saline ice composed of solely NaCl. The unidirectional-freezing method significantly accelerates the salt exclusion, and increases desalination rates. The results of field experiment shows that the salinity and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) sharply decreases with the saline ice melting. These results indicate that saline water con be desalinized by the freeze-thaw process, and the desalinating efficiency is controlled by the salinity of water, freezing and melting temperatures, the freezing method, and original ions composition.

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Gravity-induced sea ice desalination under low temperature

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Atmospheric parameters affecting sea ice losses in the context of gravity desalination

Atmospheric parameters affecting sea ice losses in the context of gravity desalination

Effect of initial soil water content and bulk density on the infiltration and desalination of melting saline ice water in coastal saline soil

An Investigation of the Factors Affecting Saline Ice Melting Processes and Desalination

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