Gray matter alteration in heroin-dependent men: An atlas-based magnetic resonance imaging study

Shi, Hong; Liang, Zifei; Chen, Jiajie; Li, Wei; Zhu, Jiang; Li, Yongbin; Ye, Jianjun; Zhang, Jiangyang; Xue, Jiuhua; Liu, Wei; Wang, Fan; Wang, Wei; Li, Qiang; He, Xiaohai

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111150

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The length of heroin usage was adversely linked with prefrontal brain gray matter volume. These data imply that heroin addiction may be associated with alterations in gray matter and may be linked to damage or maladaptation of the inhibitory control, reward, visual, and somatosensory brain functions (32). Methadone maintenance therapy is frequently used to treat heroin addiction.…”

Section: Heroin Addiction Caused Structural Atrophy and Reduced Funct...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Neural Circuitry Mechanisms between Internet Game Addiction and Heroin Addiction

Wang

2023

Sci Insights

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Internet game addiction and heroin addiction have many similar clinical manifestations, but whether they share similar neural mechanisms is yet clearly known. Based on MRI data, it was found that the two types of addictions have some damages in the same brain structure and function, and the four addiction-related circuits as cognitive control loop, reward prediction and pleasure loop, motivation drive and salience attribution loop, and learning and memory loop showed widespread and enhanced activation. However, the brain damage area of heroin addiction is biased towards the higher cognitive control circuit and reward circuit, and the scope of damage is wider showing the functional connectivity of the four circuits is reduced, while the brain damage of internet game addiction mainly occurs in relatively low-level memory-learning circuits and motivation circuits, and the scope of damage is also relatively narrow by indicating decreased functional connectivity only occurs between cognitive control and memory-learning circuits. This indicates that the neural mechanisms underlying the two types of addictive behaviors have both similarities and differences. This review compares above-mentioned four circuitry mechanisms between internet game addiction and heroin addiction to highlight the underlying neural similarities between them and provide insights into potential interventional strategies.

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Section: Heroin Addiction Caused Structural Atrophy and Reduced Funct...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Neural Circuitry Mechanisms between Internet Game Addiction and Heroin Addiction

Wang

2023

Sci Insights

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“…The heterogeneity in the results reported by human studies could stem from differences in inclusion/exclusion criteria. For instance, the length of abstinence at the time MRI scans were acquired vary from no abstinence (Liu et al, 2009) to more than five drug free years (Shi et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2016). Some studies included patients under methadone/buprenorphine treatments (Bach et al, 2019; Liu et al, 2009), or included in medically assisted diacetylmorphine delivery programs (Schmidt et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in patients diagnosed with OUD consistently reported brain structural alterations compared to healthy controls. Grey matter volume (GMV) reduction in heroin dependent patients was observed in the prefrontal (Lin et al, 2018; Qiu et al, 2013; Shi et al, 2020), cingulate (Schmidt et al, 2021; Wang et al, 2012), and insular (Bach et al, 2019; Bach et al, 2021) cortices or in combinations of these areas (Liu et al, 2009; Sun et al, 2017; Sun et al, 2016). Fewer studies described GMV reduction in subcortical areas such as amygdala (Schmidt et al, 2021), globus pallidus (Shi et al, 2020), and putamen (Bach et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grey matter volume (GMV) reduction in heroin dependent patients was observed in the prefrontal (Lin et al, 2018; Qiu et al, 2013; Shi et al, 2020), cingulate (Schmidt et al, 2021; Wang et al, 2012), and insular (Bach et al, 2019; Bach et al, 2021) cortices or in combinations of these areas (Liu et al, 2009; Sun et al, 2017; Sun et al, 2016). Fewer studies described GMV reduction in subcortical areas such as amygdala (Schmidt et al, 2021), globus pallidus (Shi et al, 2020), and putamen (Bach et al, 2021). In some cases, increased GMV in the somatosensory cortex (Shi et al, 2020; Sun et al, 2016) and caudate putamen (Schmidt et al, 2021) of these patients were also reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fewer studies described GMV reduction in subcortical areas such as amygdala (Schmidt et al, 2021), globus pallidus (Shi et al, 2020), and putamen (Bach et al, 2021). In some cases, increased GMV in the somatosensory cortex (Shi et al, 2020; Sun et al, 2016) and caudate putamen (Schmidt et al, 2021) of these patients were also reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-access heroin self-administration induces region specific reduction of grey matter volume and microglia reactivity in the rat

Cannella,

Tambalo,

Lunerti

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In opioid use disorder (OUD) patients, a decrease in brain grey matter volume (GMV) has been reported. It is unclear whether this is the consequence of prolonged exposure to opioids or is a predisposing causal factor in OUD development. To investigate this, we conducted a structural MRI longitudinal study in NIH Heterogeneous Stock rats exposed to heroin self-administration and age-matched naïve controls housed in the same controlled environment. Structural MRI scans were acquired before (MRI1) and after (MRI2) a prolonged period of long access heroin self-administration resulting in escalation of drug intake. Heroin intake resulted in reduced GMV in various cortical and sub-cortical brain regions. In drug-naïve controls no difference was found between MRI1and MRI2. Notably, the degree of GMV reduction in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the insula positively correlated with the amount of heroin consumed and the escalation of heroin use. In a preliminary gene expression analysis, we identified a number of transcripts linked to immune response and neuroinflammation. This prompted us to hypothesize a link between changes in microglia homeostasis and loss of GMV. For this reason, we analyzed the number and morphology of microglial cells in the mPFC and insula. The number of neurons and their morphology was also evaluated. The primary motor cortex, where no GMV change was observed, was used as negative control. We found no differences in the number of neurons and microglia cells following heroin. However, in the same regions where reduced GMV was detected, we observed a shift towards a rounder shape and size reduction in microglia, suggestive of their homeostatic change towards a reactive state. Altogether these findings suggest that escalation of heroin intake correlates with loss of GMV in specific brain regions and that this phenomenon is linked to changes in microglial morphology.

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Long-access heroin self-administration induces region specific reduction of grey matter volume and microglia reactivity in the rat

Cannella,

Tambalo,

Lunerti

et al. 2024

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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Gray matter alteration in heroin-dependent men: An atlas-based magnetic resonance imaging study

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Comparison of Neural Circuitry Mechanisms between Internet Game Addiction and Heroin Addiction

Comparison of Neural Circuitry Mechanisms between Internet Game Addiction and Heroin Addiction

Long-access heroin self-administration induces region specific reduction of grey matter volume and microglia reactivity in the rat

Long-access heroin self-administration induces region specific reduction of grey matter volume and microglia reactivity in the rat

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