“…Previous work has highlighted the environmental impacts of grazing (e.g., Vincent 2019). Grazing on federal land comes with a mix of costs, such as declines in water quality (Delrose et al 2020) and emissions (Wang et al, 2020), but may also have environmental benefits such as reductions in the risk of wildfire (Davies et al, 2016; Davies et al 2022). The coefficients reported in this paper can help further evaluate the costs and benefits of federal grazing, as well as expand to other sectors of the economy.…”