Great Abilities of Shinella zoogloeoides Strain from a Landfarming Soil for Crude Oil Degradation and a Synergy Model for Alginate-Bead-Entrapped Consortium Efficiency

Abstract

Oil contamination is of great concern worldwide and needs to be properly addressed. The present work aimed to contribute to the development of bacterial consortia for oil recovery. We investigated the community structure of a landfarming-treated soil (LF2) by metagenomics to unravel the presence of hydrocarbon degraders. Moreover, we isolated Shinella zoogloeoides LFG9 and Bacillus swezeyi LFS15 from LF2 and combined them with Pseudomonas guguanensis SGPP2 isolated from an auto mechanic workshop soil to form the mixed consortium COG1. Bacterial isolates were tested for biosurfactant production. Additionally, the bioremediation potential of COG1 was studied as free and entrapped consortia by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, in comparison to the single strains. Results revealed the presence of Actinobacteria (66.11%), Proteobacteria (32.21%), Gammaproteobacteria (5.39%), Actinomycetales (65.15%), Burkholderiales (13.92%), and Mycobacterium (32.22%) taxa, indicating the presence of hydrocarbon degraders in soil LF2. All three isolated strains were biosurfactant producers capable of degrading crude oil components within 14 days. However, Shinella zoogloeoides LFG9 performed best and was retained as candidate for further bioremediation investigation. In addition, COG1 performed better when immobilized, with entrapment effectiveness manifested by increased fatty acids and aromatic compound degradation. Attempt to improve crude oil biodegradation by adding surfactants failed as sodium dodecyl sulfate restrained the immobilized consortium performance.

Use of Shotgun Metagenomics to Assess the Microbial Diversity and Hydrocarbons Degrading Functions of Auto-Mechanic Workshops Soils Polluted with Gasoline and Diesel Fuel

“…Soil samples were sequenced at Mr. DNA laboratory, Texas and processed as described in [ 18 ]. Briefly, 20–50 ng of DNA extracted from 250 mg of soil samples were used to prepare the libraries with a Nextera DNA Sample preparation kit (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA), following the manufacturer’s instructions.…”

Kinetics and Mechanisms of Saccharomyces boulardii Release from Optimized Whey Protein–Agavin–Alginate Beads under Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions

“…There are different encapsulation techniques, such as extrusion, ionic gelation, emulsion, spray drying, spray cooling, fluidized bed, freeze drying, spray freeze drying, coacervation, electro-spraying, ultrasonic vacuum spray drying, immersion spray technology and the hybridization method [ 6 ]. Among these, ionic gelation stands out for being useful for thermolabile compounds, low-cost and easy to scale-up, generally using alginate as a gelling agent—a hydrophilic polysaccharide that is biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic and that gels in the presence of bivalent metal ions such as Ca 2+ [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”