Greed–grievance debate and the Ife–Modakeke conflict

Oyeniyi, Bukola Adeyemi

doi:10.1080/03071022.2010.495470

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The rivalry for fertile land was the primary reason for the 1989 Senegal-Mauritania conflict (60,61), and access to rivers was one of the causes of Israel's six-day war with Arab nations in 1967 (62). While at times, the conflict involves actors sharing the same ethnic identity, as observed between the Igbo (63), Yoruba (64), and Fulani communities (65,66). The majority of conflicts occur between members of different ethnic groups (67,68).…”

Section: Eco-violence In the Sahelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Politics of Eco-violence: Why Is Conflict Escalating in Nigeria’s Middle Belt?

Olumba

2021

Preprint

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Competition for natural resources has intensified in recent years between nomadic Fulani herders and sedentary farmers in Nigeria's Middle Belt. What were initially sporadic conflicts over cropland and water resources have transformed into daily occurrences of mass violence. While extant research centres on the root causes of such conflicts, the reasons for their escalation remain insufficiently understood. This article examines how political developments have contributed to the escalation of conflicts in the region. Using Homer-Dixon's model, the findings show that changes in Nigeria's 'political opportunity structure' since 2014 were catalysts for escalating the conflicts. The consequences were the unvarnished adoption of nepotistic domestic policies and alliances between elites and militia members, which escalated the violent conflicts. It advocates the devolution of natural resource and security governance to prevent leaders from leveraging shifts in political opportunity structures to favour a specific demographic group.

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Section: Eco-violence In the Sahelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Politics of Eco-violence: Why Is Conflict Escalating in Nigeria’s Middle Belt?

Olumba

2021

Preprint

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“…After some diplomatic moves, the colonial administration enforced the treaty in 1909, prompting the Modakeke to leave Ile-Ife and flee to Ibadan towns such as Ikire, Apomu, Ikoyi, Ede, and Ipetumodu (Johnson 1921). However, the Ife allowed the Modakeke to return to Ile-Ife as tenant-farmers between 1920 and 1923 under the agreement that upheld the disputed land rights institutions (Ajulo 1989;Agbe 2001;Oyeniyi 2010).…”

Section: Missing Design Principles Ibadan Territorial Expansion Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Principles, Common Land, and Collective Violence in Africa

Oyerinde

2019

International Journal of the Commons

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The conventional wisdom blames colonialism as the root cause of violence in Africa, but at the expense of analytical clarity about the context of collective violence over common land. This article uses qualitative data and Elinor Ostrom's perspective on governing the commons to analyze collective violence over common land in an African community. It finds that the absence of certain design principles strikes at the root of the violence in the African case. Exploring the less understood intricacies enriches analytical clarity about the conditions that lend themselves to sustaining the commons and gaining the compliance of generation after generation of resource users with property rights institutions for governing the commons.

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“…Eco-violence occurs within a profoundly multiethnic society. While at times the conflict involves actors sharing the same ethnic identity, as observed between the Igbo (19), Yoruba (20), and Ebira (21) communities, and the nomadic Fulani herders (22,23). The most intractable conflicts are between different ethnic communities, such as Tiv farmers and Fulani herders (24,25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Politics of Eco-violence: Why Is Conflict Escalating in Nigeria’s Middle Belt?

Olumba

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Competition for natural resources has intensified in recent years between nomadic Fulani herders and sedentary farmers in Nigeria's Middle Belt. What were initially sporadic conflicts over cropland and water have transformed into daily occurrences of mass violence. While extant research focuses on the root causes of such conflicts, the reasons for their escalation remain insufficiently understood. Based on fieldwork conducted during 2018-2019, this article examines how political developments have contributed to the escalation of conflict in the region. Using Homer-Dixon's theory of civil strife as a conceptual framework, the findings show that changes in the 'political opportunity structure' in Nigeria since 2014 were a catalyst for escalating the conflicts. These changes resulted from the 2014 insecurity in Nigeria caused by terrorist acts committed by non-state actors and the outcomes of the 2015 election. The consequences were the unvarnished adoption of nepotistic domestic policies and alliances between elites and militia members.

show abstract

Greed–grievance debate and the Ife–Modakeke conflict

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The Politics of Eco-violence: Why Is Conflict Escalating in Nigeria’s Middle Belt?

The Politics of Eco-violence: Why Is Conflict Escalating in Nigeria’s Middle Belt?

Design Principles, Common Land, and Collective Violence in Africa

The Politics of Eco-violence: Why Is Conflict Escalating in Nigeria’s Middle Belt?

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