Green and eco-compatible iron nanocatalysed synthesis of benzimidazole: A review

Cellulose-based surface-modified heterogeneously feasible novel solid acid catalyst to access bioactive heterocycles

“…The most popular route for synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles contains the reaction of o-phenylenediamine with diverse aryl aldehydes. As a result, array of catalysts has been reported to catalyze this transformation using the aforementioned route [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. However, there are notable challenges such as tedious synthetic methods, use of corrosive solvents, high reaction time, lack of simplicity in experimental procedure, and so on, are still viable to be overcome for further research particularly towards developing an adaptable protocol using robust heterogeneous catalyst.…”

Donor–acceptor type triphenylamine-based porous aromatic frameworks (TPA-PAFs) for photosynthesis of benzimidazoles

“…18,19 Benzimidazoles and their derivatives have attracted considerable attentions due to their biological activities such as antifungal, anticancer, antiviral, analgesic, anti-tuberculosis and anti-arrhythmic. [20][21][22] Moreover, benzimidazole compounds can be used as engineering materials and are widely used in flame retardant materials, 23 solar cells, 24 corrosion inhibitors 25 and other industries. In view of their immense application prospects, the synthesis of benzimidazoles and their derivatives is of great importance.…”

Two-Fold Interpenetrated Binuclear Nickel Metal–Organic Framework as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for N-Heterocycle Synthesis

“…N-heterocycles are ubiquitous in various natural products and synthetic molecules and exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. , Imidazole- and pyrazole-containing compounds are a significant class of diazoheterocycles, which have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent anticancer, antipyretic, antibacterial, and antimicrobial activities. − The dehydration coupling reaction of carbonyl compounds and o -phenylenediamine/sulfonyl hydrazides is the most direct and efficient method to synthesize such compounds, and it also conforms to the development concept of green chemistry. − However, the current catalytic systems have disadvantages, such as low efficiency, long reaction time, and difficulty in separating the desired product from the catalyst, which limits their practical application. Therefore, the design and development of new catalysts with high efficiency and easy availability are of great significance in the field of diazoheterocycles synthesis.…”