Green Chemical Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Ionic Liquids

Price, B. Katherine; Hudson, Jared L.; Tour, James M.

doi:10.1021/ja053998c

Cited by 189 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The suspension concentrations of SWCNTs promoted by HvimiBr are increased by at least 20% with respect to commonly used surfactants, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. Moreover, it has been found that SWCNTs bundles are simultaneously exfoliated and chemically functionalized predominantly as individuals by grinding them with aryl diazonium salts in Imi-ILs [60]. This reaction occurs in minutes at room temperature, and is an extremely rapid and mild green protocol to exfoliate and functionalize SWCNTs.…”

Section: Carbon Nanotubes In Imidazolium Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially in 2003, Fukushima et al [59] first found that the heavily entangled SWCNT bundles were well untangled in Imi-ILs after being ground. Afterwards, Tour et al [60] have demonstrated that SWCNTs are effectively exfoliated and functionalized predominantly as individuals by grinding with aryl diazonium salts in the presence of ILs as green solvents. Recently, Han et al [61] have reported that graphene sheets are stably dispersed in an Imi-IL of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BmimPF 6 ) with the help of poly(1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride) [poly(VbimCl)].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Assisted Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Polymer Composites

et al. 2013

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene sheets are the most promising fillers for polymer nanocomposites due to their superior mechanical, electrical, thermal optical and gas barrier properties, as well as high flame-retardant efficiency. The critical challenge, however, is how to uniformly disperse them into the polymer matrix to achieve a strong interface for good load transfer between the two. This problem is not new but more acute in CNTs and graphene, both because they are intrinsically insoluble and tend to aggregate into bundles and because their surfaces are atomically smooth. Over the past decade, imidazolium ionic liquids (Imi-ILs) have played a multifunctional role (e.g., as solvents, dispersants, stabilizers, compatibilizers, modifiers and additives) in the fabrication of polymer composites containing CNTs or graphene. In this review, we first summarize the liquid-phase exfoliation, stabilization, dispersion of CNTs and graphene in Imi-ILs, as well as the chemical and/or thermal reduction of graphene oxide to graphene with the aid of Imi-ILs. We then present a full survey of the literature on the Imi-ILs assisted fabrication of CNTs and graphene-based nanocomposites with a variety of polymers, including fluoropolymers, hydrocarbon polymers, polyacrylates, cellulose and polymeric ionic liquids. Finally, we give a future outlook in hopes of facilitating progress in this emerging area. OPEN ACCESSPolymers 2013, 5 848

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Section: Carbon Nanotubes In Imidazolium Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Assisted Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Polymer Composites

et al. 2013

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“…Figure 1 schematically illustrates the preparation of AMSN free-standing film. In brief, MWNTs (average diameter: 10 nm) were mixed with a pyridinium-based ionic liquid (1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate), which has an ionic conductivity of 1.854 mS cm -1 [20] and is known to effectively disperse nanotubes [21] without causing substantial damage to the nanotubes [22].…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-standing nanocomposites with high conductivity and extensibility

et al. 2013

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The prospect of electronic circuits that are stretchable and bendable promises tantalizing applications such as skin-like electronics, roll-up displays, conformable sensors and actuators, and lightweight solar cells. The preparation of highly conductive and highly extensible materials remains a challenge for mass production applications, such as free-standing films or printable composite inks. Here we present a nanocomposite material consisting of carbon nanotubes, ionic liquid, silver nanoparticles, and polystyrene-polyisoprenepolystyrene having a high electrical conductivity of 3700 S cm -1 that can be stretched to 288% without permanent damage. The material is prepared as a concentrated dispersion suitable for simple processing into free-standing films. For the unstrained state, the measured thermal conductivity for the electronically conducting elastomeric nanoparticle film is relatively high and shows a non-metallic temperature dependence consistent with phonon transport, while the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity is metallic. We connect an electric fan to a DC power supply using the films to demonstrate their utility as an elastomeric electronic interconnect. The huge strain sensitivity and the very low temperature coefficient of resistivity suggest their applicability as strain sensors, including those that operate directly to control motors and other devices. © 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd. AbstractThe prospect of electronic circuits that are stretchable and bendable promises tantalizing applications such as skin-like electronics, roll-up displays, conformable sensors and actuators, and lightweight solar cells. The preparation of highly conductive and highly extensible materials is still a remaining challenge amenable to mass production such as free-standing film or printable composite ink. Here we present a nanocomposite material consisting of carbon nanotubes, ionic liquid, silver nanoparticles, and polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene having a high electrical conductivity of 3700 S cm -1 that can be stretched to 288% without permanent damage. The material is prepared as a concentrated dispersion suitable for simple processing into free-standing films. For the unstrained 2 state, the measured thermal conductivity for the electronically conducting elastomeric nanoparticle film is relatively high and shows a non-metallic temperature dependence consistent with phonon transport, while the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity is metallic. We connect an electric fan to a DC power supply using the films to demonstrate their utility as an elastomeric electronic interconnect. The giant strain sensitivity and the very low temperature coefficient of resistivity suggest applicability for strain sensors, including those that operate directly to control motors and other devices.

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“…Vivekchand et al, (2007) have extensively reviewed functionalization of nanotubes and nanowires by various methodologies. For example, SWNT can be functionalized in ionic liquid using a mortar and pestle (Scheme 4) (Price et al, 2005). SWNTs can be cut into short segments by controlled oxidation by piranha (HNO 3 /H 2 SO 4 ) solutions [Ziegler, 2005].…”

Section: Functionalization Of Nanoreinforcementsmentioning

confidence: 99%