Green coconut shell extract and boric acid: new formulation for making thermally stable cellulosic paper

Abstract

BACKGROUND: For the first time, green coconut shell extract (GCSE) has been employed along with boric acid (BA) as a novel fire retardant agent to be applied to cellulosic paper. Green coconut shell extract can be considered a condensed phase based flame retardant agent as it contains silicate, other metals like potassium, zinc, copper and magnesium in the form of metallic salts, oxides etc. When GCSE was applied on paper, combine synergistic action of all these metal salts and oxides catalyze dehydration of the treated paper and also increased char formation.

Development of thermally stable and hygienic colored cotton fabric made by treatment with natural coconut shell extract

“…Chemical tests for the screening and identification of bioactive constituents in the CSE were carried out with the extracts using the standard procedure [24]. For each test of saponin, phenols, tannins, terpenoid, flavonoids, and glycoside, 2 mL of CSE was used for analysis.…”

“…Chemical tests for the screening and identification of bioactive constituents in the CSE were carried out with the extracts using the standard procedure [24].…”

“…Terpenoids although mainly used for their aromatic qualities have also been found to be a potential agent for inhibiting bacteria. Saponin, which are glycosides, have been found to have inhibitory effects on Gram-positive organism [24]. Green coconut shell (mesocarp) is rich in different types of plant secondary metabolites especially antioxidants, which are essential for microbial infection resistance to protect the coconut from biotic attack [65].…”

“…A research group in China has reported the use of chicken feather based protein biomolecule for thermal stability of cotton fabric [19]. The use of natural green waste such as spinach leaves [20], banana pseudostem sap [21,22] green coconut shell extract [23,24] also has been done for making fire retardant textile material.…”

In‐situ synthesis and adhesion method to prepare phosphorous–nitrogen compounds flame‐retardant wood pulp paper with high efficiency and durability

“…Wood pulp paper (WPP), as a typical cellulosic material, has been widely used in the fields of printing substrate, packaging materials, interior furniture, and hygiene products on account of numerous desirable features, such as renewability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, large reserves on earth, and easy processing 1‐3 . However, like most cellulosic materials, WPP is highly inflammable and its limited oxygen index (LOI) value is only 19.6%, meaning that it can be easily ignited and has latent risk to cause fire disasters 4 . As a result, extensive applications of WPP in some specific fields which require high flame retardance are seriously restricted due to this drawback.…”