Green conversion of municipal solid wastes into fuels and chemicals

Μάτσακας, Λεωνίδας; Gao, Qiuju; Jansson, Stina; Rova, Ulrika; Christakopoulos, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.ejbt.2017.01.004

Cited by 250 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 144 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…MSW incineration/thermovalorization is still the main solution adopted on aw orldwide basis as alternative to landfilling. [11] Waste to Chemicals Still very limiteda ttention is given in literature and scientific research to this waste to chemicalp ossibility, [12] although some industriali nitiatives are present (for example, by Enerkem and Fulcrum BioEnergy). [13] We reported the waste-to-chemical ap-proach in relationt ot he productiono fu rea and methanol from RdF.…”

Section: Waste Biorefinerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste to Chemicals for a Circular Economy

Iaquaniello

Centi

Salladini

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The implementation of a circular economy is a fundamental step to create a greater and more sustainable future for a better use of resources and energy. Wastes and in particular municipal solid waste represent an untapped source of carbon (and hydrogen) to produce a large range of chemicals from methane to alcohols (as methanol or ethanol) or urea. The waste to chemical process and related economics are assessed in this concept article to show the validity of such solution both from an economic point of view and from an environmental perspective considering the sensible reduction in greenhouse gas emissions with respect to conventional production from fossil fuels.

show abstract

Section: Waste Biorefinerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste to Chemicals for a Circular Economy

Iaquaniello

Centi

Salladini

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We will use the name 'syngas' for the producer gas that is burned in the thermal oxidizer after the gasifier, to produce heat for the drying of input manure in the drier and drying zone of the gasifier. (Matsakas 2017).…”

Section: Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of Ecochar in Europe : Uses and regulatory requirements

Gollenbeek

Ehlert

Buisonjé

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(Ecochar). The syngas, a mixture of H2 and CO, is used to produce heat for drying of the input manure and possibly for electricity production. The Ecochar can possibly be used amongst others for fertilisation, bedding material and all a number other of uses we will address later. Mavitec searches for added value for Ecochar other than the use as fertilizer. Mavitec is therefore keen in finding new and innovative uses for Ecochar. These uses may encounter regulatory constraints. Mavitec search advice on these constraints from European (new) regulations. AimThe aim of the project is to explore the chances and drawbacks considering the use of Ecochar within the regulatory framework that prevails within the European Union. MethodA desk study in combination with a field visit to the production site and additional chemical analyses of The production parameters can impact amongst others the nutrient availability to crops, the physical and chemical properties of the biochar, and the amount of stable carbon sequestered. Depending on the production parameters, more than 50% of the organic material's carbon may be sequestered in a stable form in the biochar.The idea behind biomass gasification is that biomass is heated with limited oxygen. This produces a different composition of hot gases, which the International Energy Agency and many others call 'producer gas' and which can then be cleaned of different pollutants and tars. The cleaned up gas is called 'syngas'. Syngas, unlike the dirtier producer gas, can be burned to power not just steam turbines, but also gas turbines, Combined Cycle power plants (i.e. ones combining a gas turbine and a steam turbine to increase efficiency), or gas engines. If the producer gas is not cleaned then it can be used as fuel for a boiler (less efficient) that provides steam for a turbine or, otherwise, for providing heat only. GasificationIn this study, the terms 'pyrolysis' and 'gasification' are used interchangeably, as a sharp discrimination between both processes cannot be made. In principle, pyrolysis is gasification without or strongly reduced oxygen supply at a lower temperature and gasification is pyrolysis with a limited oxygen supply at a higher temperature (Figure 2.1). We will use the name 'syngas' for the producer gas that is burned in the thermal oxidizer after the gasifier, to produce heat for the drying of input manure in the drier and drying zone of the gasifier.Wageningen Livestock Research Report 1113 │ 9 Figure 2.1 Comparison of Combustion, Gasification, Pyrolysis and Torrefaction; with increasing temperature and oxygen supply, thermochemical conversions shift from torrefaction and pyrolysis to gasification and combustion (Matsakas 2017).In Figure 2.1 the major differences between combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, and torrefaction are illustrated in terms of operating conditions and conversion products. The choice for a technique depends fully of the desired endproduct(s). Gasification, pyrolysis, and torrefaction are all performed in the absence of oxygen or with si...

show abstract

“…The proposed process is consistent with the principles of circular economy and does not require external energy costs because the energy needed for the process is generated by burning the gas produced during the waste coking. The process does not produce emissions into the environment and, in combination with standard refining processes, can be used to obtain commercial petroleum products.Thermal methods of waste processing include incineration, torrefaction, pyrolysis, gasification [8,12]. The disadvantage of thermal waste processing methods is their high costs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermal methods of waste processing include incineration, torrefaction, pyrolysis, gasification [8,12]. The disadvantage of thermal waste processing methods is their high costs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Feasibility of the Organic Municipal Solid Waste Processing by Coking

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the context of transition to a circular economy, one of the strategic priorities is the development of technological innovations aimed at waste processing. In this study, the foundations have been developed for a low-temperature, environmentally safe method for efficient processing of organic municipal solid waste, which may be further applied for processing both municipal and industrial waste organics in order to obtain liquid products. The maximum yield of liquid products is ensured when conducting the coking of a mixture of organic waste with long residuum in the temperature range of 400-420 • C, with a heating rate of 5-70 • C/min, and with an optimal heating time to the coking temperature of 80 min. Recommendations on the use of the waste recycling products are given. The proposed process is consistent with the principles of circular economy and does not require external energy costs because the energy needed for the process is generated by burning the gas produced during the waste coking. The process does not produce emissions into the environment and, in combination with standard refining processes, can be used to obtain commercial petroleum products.Thermal methods of waste processing include incineration, torrefaction, pyrolysis, gasification [8,12]. The disadvantage of thermal waste processing methods is their high costs. These methods do not provide environmental safety of the process, and the products obtained are not suitable for use without additional quality improvement with the help of expensive processes. For instance, to increase the thermal efficiency of energy production from moisture-containing waste by pyrolysis and gasification, preliminary drying of raw materials is required, which increases operating costs. In thermal processing of waste, secondary slags are formed that require further utilization or disposal. The exhaust gases contain toxic compounds and require neutralization. Environmental impact caused by the processes of generating energy from waste was analyzed in review [13]. The points among all are local impacts from wood combustion and processes of the solid recovered fuel generation, also it should be noted that the innovative technologies applied to thermochemical processes at the waste-to-energy plants do not give absolute advantages in preventing environmental pollution.Processing of MSW is considered also as an opportunity to produce motor fuels, olefins and aromatic compounds [14,15]. In view of the fact that municipal solid waste can also contain non-combustible substances, there is a problem with the necessity of an expensive pre-treatment stage [16].There are a number of studies on thermal and catalytic decomposition of plastic waste [17][18][19][20][21][22]. The quality of plastic waste products derived through pyrolysis depends on the composition of the raw materials, and the effect of catalysts [19,23]. Joint catalytic processing of plastic waste and heavy oil residues is considered as a possible way to obtain fuel oil [24]. Cai et al. [25] offer alternative techn...

show abstract

Green conversion of municipal solid wastes into fuels and chemicals

Cited by 250 publications

References 144 publications

Waste to Chemicals for a Circular Economy

Waste to Chemicals for a Circular Economy

Perspectives of Ecochar in Europe : Uses and regulatory requirements

An Investigation of the Feasibility of the Organic Municipal Solid Waste Processing by Coking

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About