Green Envelopes: Contribution of Green Roofs, Green Facades, and Green Streets to Reducing Stormwater Runoff, CO₂Emissions, and Energy Demand in Cities

Urban Regreeneration: Green Urban Infrastructure as a Response to Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation

“…It is also frequent to find around the world the term of Sustainable Urban Drainage Infrastructure (SUD) [4] as well as "Urban re-vegetation" [5] when referring to this concept. More frequently in the US, and more specifically in the west coast of the US, it is common to refer to similar concepts under the term of Low Impact Developments (LID) [6] or, in the case of Canada, it frequent to use the term of Green Streets [7]. This research proposes the term of Green Urban Infrastructure [8] as the most comprehensive one of all the different terminologies found during this analysis.…”

Urban Participation + Research + Regulation Method (PRRM) to Broadly Implement Green Urban Infrastructure Solutions

“…green walls retain 50-75% and can reach 100% [16]. By implementing green roofs, green walls and green streets solutions stormwater, runoff can be reduced by 13% [17] According to Vancouver's Rain city strategy [18], a global green urban infrastructure strategy can retain 90% of a city's runoff. more specific data on the reduction of runoff is achieved by applying the low impact development (lid) Application [19] in each particular project.…”

Stormwater calculation application for low impact development in the conceptual design phase of urban site development

“…Often an under-utilized surface, the green roof of a building combined with the surrounding site can serve a critical role in stormwater collection and retention (Roehr and Kong, 2010). By using green roofs, green building facades and green streets, stormwater runoff can be reduced as well as building energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions (Roehr et al, 2008).…”