Green hydrogen in Europe – A regional assessment: Substituting existing production with electrolysis powered by renewables

Kakoulaki, Georgia; Kougias, Ioannis; Nigel, Taylor; Dolci, Francesco; Moya, José Antonio; Jäger-Waldau, Arnulf

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113649

Cited by 372 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…115 Electrolytic hydrogen could also curb emissions in steel manufacturing by shifting to direct-reduced iron. Moreover, hydrogen can also be used as fuel for long-distance road transport and shipping 116,117 or used to supply high-temperature heat in the industry. In the Sabatier reaction, hydrogen can be combined with direct-air-captured CO 2 118 to produce synthetic methane, ensuring system operation in the critical weeks with low renewable generation and high heating demand.…”

Section: Llmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar photovoltaics is ready to power a sustainable future

Victoria

Haegel²,

Peters

et al. 2021

Joule

394

165

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Thanks to fast learning and sustained growth, solar photovoltaics (PV) is today a highly cost-competitive technology, ready to contribute substantially to CO 2 emissions mitigation. However, many scenarios assessing global decarbonization pathways, either based on integrated assessment models or partial-equilibrium models, fail to identify the key role that this technology could play, including far lower future PV capacity than that projected by the PV community. In this perspective, we review the factors that lie behind the historical cost reductions of solar PV and identify innovations in the pipeline that could contribute to maintaining a high learning rate. We also aim at opening a constructive discussion among PV experts, modelers, and policymakers regarding how to improve the representation of this technology in the models and how to ensure that manufacturing and installation of solar PV-can ramp up on time, which will be crucial to remain in a decarbonization path compatible with the Paris Agreement.

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Section: Llmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar photovoltaics is ready to power a sustainable future

Victoria

Haegel²,

Peters

et al. 2021

Joule

394

165

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show abstract

“…A recent study focusing on the European Union [62] reports that the shift of the current hydrogen production towards green hydrogen generation is well below the renewable generation potential of all the countries that have been considered. The current EU hydrogen annual production of 9.75 Mt, if shifted to electrolysis, would require around 290 TWh of electricity, which is about 10% of the total current production.…”

Section: Hydrogen Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Green and Blue Hydrogen in the Energy Transition—A Technological and Geopolitical Perspective

et al. 2020

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Hydrogen is currently enjoying a renewed and widespread momentum in many national and international climate strategies. This review paper is focused on analysing the challenges and opportunities that are related to green and blue hydrogen, which are at the basis of different perspectives of a potential hydrogen society. While many governments and private companies are putting significant resources on the development of hydrogen technologies, there still remains a high number of unsolved issues, including technical challenges, economic and geopolitical implications. The hydrogen supply chain includes a large number of steps, resulting in additional energy losses, and while much focus is put on hydrogen generation costs, its transport and storage should not be neglected. A low-carbon hydrogen economy offers promising opportunities not only to fight climate change, but also to enhance energy security and develop local industries in many countries. However, to face the huge challenges of a transition towards a zero-carbon energy system, all available technologies should be allowed to contribute based on measurable indicators, which require a strong international consensus based on transparent standards and targets.

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“…Blue if the carbon dioxide produced by this process is blocked (Fig. 1) [17][18][19]. The other way is through renewable energy (such as electrolysis of water, solar, wind energy, etc.…”

Section: Hydrogen Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen as a clean and sustainable energy for green future

Yousef¹

2021

Sustain. tech, green econ.

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Hydrogen is the most abundant gas in the universe and is classified by the World Energy Organization as the cleanest fuel in the world compared to other energy products. Therefore, the hope hangs upon it in achieving the zero fuel emissions strategy, which adopted by the largest countries in the world. Also, it is believed that by 2050, hydrogen consumption will represent 24 % of the global energy sector, with investments estimated at 2.5 trillion dollars, compared to only 139 billion dollars at present. There are three types of hydrogen (gray, blue and green) classified based on their production methods and carbon content. Gray hydrogen is usually produced by burning natural gas at high temperatures and once the carbon is removed or captured, the gray hydrogen turns into blue hydrogen. As for green hydrogen with zero emissions, it is produced through the electrolysis of water or by using renewable energy sources such as solar cell, wind energy, etc. to avoid any emissions during the production stages. Despite the efficiency of green hydrogen compared to other types, its price remains a major obstacle in the promotion and marketing, which is estimated at 3.5 Euro/kg, compared to 1.5 Euro/kg for blue hydrogen. In addition to some other obstacles related to infrastructure and raw materials used in the production stages. Recently, and in order to remove all these obstacles, the leading countries in the energy sector pumped more investments to study all these obstacles and assess the current hydrogen market, which in turn leads to the acceleration of the upscaling of hydrogen production. In this context, this research was developed to study all these current and future challenges. In addition to discussing the traditional and modern methods of its production. Besides taking a look at the projects under implementation in this regard.

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Green hydrogen in Europe – A regional assessment: Substituting existing production with electrolysis powered by renewables

Cited by 372 publications

References 15 publications

Solar photovoltaics is ready to power a sustainable future

Solar photovoltaics is ready to power a sustainable future

The Role of Green and Blue Hydrogen in the Energy Transition—A Technological and Geopolitical Perspective

Hydrogen as a clean and sustainable energy for green future

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