Green nano-coated carbon electrodes for detecting furosemide drug

Abstract

In this study, new coated carbon electrodes were created and utilized to estimate the furosemide (FUR) drug. Ion-pair preparation for the electrode construction involved a reaction of furosemide drug with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) made from pomegranate peel extract, plasticizers that use dibutyl phthalate (DBP) without the use of any organic precipitant. Several techniques (AFM, XRD, FTIR, SEM) were used to characterize the characteristics. This electrode shows excellent sensitivity to furosemide (FUR) with a linear range of 10<sup>-6</sup> -10<sup>-1</sup> M and a correlation coefficient of 0.9798. The electrode has a lifetime of 45 days, ideal temperatures of 20-45 ºC, an optimum pH range of 3-6, a slope of 61.286 mv/decade, and a detection limit of 3.62×10<sup>-8</sup> M. The AFM was measured, the total height was 2.53 nm, and the shape was spherical or semi-spherical. The average crystal size measured by XRD was 43.52, 47, and 55.03 nm with an average size of 14.25067 nm; the particles were spherical or semi-spherical in shape, as seen using the SEM. The identification of functional aggregates was conducted by measuring them using FTIR. In conclusion, this method could be an efficient tool for determining the drug in pharmaceutical formulations.