Green nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for osteogenic disorders

Green nanomedicine: the path to the next generation of nanomaterials for diagnosing brain tumors and therapeutics?

“…For instance, the adsorption of capping agents determines the ultimate morphology of the nanostructure by affecting the reaction dynamics and preferential growth in different directions. As such, these parameters can be easily controlled [83]. Conseque ntly, important contributions have also been made toward the enhancement of these techniques, with new physical and biological methods [84,85].…”

“…As such, these parameters can be easily controlled [83]. Conseque ntly, important contributions have also been made toward the enhancement of these techniques, with new physical and biological methods [84,85].…”

“…The intracellular method takes place when the ions are transported into the microbial cell to form the NPs in the presence of enzymes, while the latter involves trapping the metal ions on the surface of the cells and reducing them. To date, many microbes have been employed for generating nanostructured mineral crystals and metallic NPs, and the control of the size, shape, composition, and monodispersity of the particles have been a pivotal topic of research within those studies [85,89,90,92].…”

Electroconductive Nanobiomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

“…As a consequence, NMs show an extreme potential in bone tissue regeneration. 97,98 On the other hand, it is widely known that electrical fields are present in a variety of tissues, including bone. Fukada and Yasuda first demonstrated that dry bone behaves as a piezoelectric material in the classic sense, hence mechanical stresses result in electric polarization.…”

“…165,166 Therefore, these green NMs have been used in different applications in the biomedical field. 98,167 In terms of electroconductive NMs, not many examples have been recently released to literature, however, efforts toward this end have shown that the use of green practices can allow for a sustainable production of such NMs and their successful application within tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Advantages in this regard include enhanced biocompatibility, reduced localized cytotoxicity, and a better integration of the targeted tissue within the nanoplatform, all of which are extremely desired for any application involving the migration, growth, establishment, and proliferation of different cell types in regenerative approaches.…”