Green polymer electrolytes based on chitosan and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate

Shamsudin, Intan Juliana; Ahmad, Azizan; Hassan, Nur Hasyareeda

doi:10.1063/1.4895229

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the present study, the diffractogram of the pure chitosan sample exhibits a characteristic peak at 2θ = 21.0°, confirming the ordered structure. In other words, CS exists in a relatively high degree of crystallinity [ 36 ]. Figure 3 a exhibits several numbers of crystalline peaks for the parent CS, which possesses two deep peaks centered at 2θ° = 15° and 20°, emphasizing the existence of a crystalline part in the parent chitosan membrane with an average intermolecular distance [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Figure 4 b, there are two other peaks that appear at 1651 and 1554 cm − 1 which correspond to carboxamide (O=C–NHR) and amine (NH 2 ) bands, respectively [ 54 ]. The peak at 1550 cm − 1 is associated to N–H bending of a primary amide (−NH 2 ) [ 36 ]. It is interesting to note that as the quantity of NH 4 I salt is increased, a number of peaks become broader their intensities are reduced as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the diffractogram of the pure chitosan sample exhibits a characteristic peak at 2θ=21.0°, confirming the ordered structure. In other words, CS exists in a relatively high degree of crystallinity [36]. For the CV recording at the sweep rate of 100 mV/s, the Digi-IVY DY2300 potentiostat was used.…”

Section: Xrd Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural, Impedance and Electrochemical Characteristics of Electrical Double Layer Capacitor Devices Based on Chitosan: Dextran Biopolymer Blend Electrolytes

et al. 2020

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This report presents the preparation and characterizations of solid biopolymer blend electrolyte films of chitosan as cationic polysaccharide and anionic dextran (CS: Dextran) doped with ammonium iodide (NH4I) to be utilized as electrolyte and electrode separator in electrical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) devices. FTIR and XRD techniques were used to study the structural behavior of the films. From the FTIR band analysis, shifting and broadening of the bands were observed with increasing salt concentration. The XRD analysis indicates amorphousness of the blended electrolyte samples whereby the peaks underwent broadening. The analysis of the impedance spectra emphasized that incorporation of 40 wt.% of NH4I salt into polymer electrolyte exhibited a relatively high conductivity (5.16 × 10−3 S/cm). The transference number measurement (TNM) confirmed that ion (tion = 0.928) is the main charge carriers in the conduction process. The linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) revealed the extent of durability of the relatively high conducting film which was 1.8 V. The mechanism of charge storage within the fabricated EDLC has been explained to be fully capacitive behavior with no redox peaks appearance in the cyclic voltammogram (CV). From this findings, four important parameters of the EDLC; specific capacitance, equivalent series resistance, energy density and power density were calculated as 67.5 F/g, 160 ohm, 7.59 Wh/kg and 520.8 W/kg, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural, Impedance and Electrochemical Characteristics of Electrical Double Layer Capacitor Devices Based on Chitosan: Dextran Biopolymer Blend Electrolytes

et al. 2020

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“…Leones et al [234] stated that ionic liquids are preferred over common inorganic salts and are compatible for mixing with most polymer matrices, thereby allowing the development of composite membranes with smooth structure and good flexibility. This statement was proven true in the study conducted by Shamsudin et al [235,236], which involved a mixture of chitosan matrix with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [Bmim] [OAc]. From SEM micrographs (Figure 18), it was observed that with increasing addition of [Bmim][OAc], the surface morphology was transformed and became smoother with smaller pores, thereby indicating the reduction of crystalline phase and enhancement of amorphous region in the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Cs-ionic Liquid Composite Membranementioning

confidence: 67%

Review of Chitosan-Based Polymers as Proton Exchange Membranes and Roles of Chitosan-Supported Ionic Liquids

Rosli

Loh

Wong

et al. 2020

IJMS

Self Cite

106

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Perfluorosulphonic acid-based membranes such as Nafion are widely used in fuel cell applications. However, these membranes have several drawbacks, including high expense, non-eco-friendliness, and low proton conductivity under anhydrous conditions. Biopolymer-based membranes, such as chitosan (CS), cellulose, and carrageenan, are popular. They have been introduced and are being studied as alternative materials for enhancing fuel cell performance, because they are environmentally friendly and economical. Modifications that will enhance the proton conductivity of biopolymer-based membranes have been performed. Ionic liquids, which are good electrolytes, are studied for their potential to improve the ionic conductivity and thermal stability of fuel cell applications. This review summarizes the development and evolution of CS biopolymer-based membranes and ionic liquids in fuel cell applications over the past decade. It also focuses on the improved performances of fuel cell applications using biopolymer-based membranes and ionic liquids as promising clean energy. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 632 2 of 52 used to exchange protons from the anode to the cathode [1]. PEMFCs are light, highly efficient, and compact. They operate at relatively low temperatures (≈80 • C), have high power density, and are suitable for various applications. Figure 1 shows that PEMFC consists of various important elements, namely, bipolar plates, diffusion layers, electrodes (anode and cathode), and an electrolyte. The core of a PEMFC is a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) composed of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) placed between two electrodes. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 53 Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 632 3 of 52Polysaccharides, such as chitosan (CS) and cellulose, are among the best natural polymer materials because of their abundance in the environment. CS is a linear polysaccharide consisting of randomly distributed β-(1-4)-linked d-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (acetylated unit), which is produced by the deacetylation of chitin. CS has high water affinity properties as there is the presence of three different polar functional groups, which are hydroxyl (-OH), primary amine (-NH 2 ), and C-O-C groups. CS has a structure that is very similar to cellulose, but the difference among them is that CS contains amine groups and its structure is characterized by its molecular weight and degree of deacetylation, where its solubility is depended on [7].CS has rigid structure and high crystallinity as there are three hydrogen atoms strongly bonded between the amino and hydroxyl groups within the CS monomers, due to the immobilized structure, which leads to its proton conduction limitation. Moreover, CS has attractive physicochemical properties in aqueous solution due to its polycationic nature and this leads to wide range of biological purposes such as antimicrobial activity and disease resistance activities in plants [8]. CS membranes are one of the most preferable and favorable materials to re...

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Gel polymer electrolyte system based on starch grafted with ionic liquid: Synthesis, characterization and its application in dye-sensitized solar cell

Lobregas

Camacho

2019

Electrochimica Acta

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Green polymer electrolytes based on chitosan and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate

Abstract: Structure and ionic conductivity of ionic liquid embedded PEO-LiCF 3 SO 3 polymer electrolyte AIP Advances 4, 087112 (2014)

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Structural, Impedance and Electrochemical Characteristics of Electrical Double Layer Capacitor Devices Based on Chitosan: Dextran Biopolymer Blend Electrolytes

Structural, Impedance and Electrochemical Characteristics of Electrical Double Layer Capacitor Devices Based on Chitosan: Dextran Biopolymer Blend Electrolytes

Review of Chitosan-Based Polymers as Proton Exchange Membranes and Roles of Chitosan-Supported Ionic Liquids

Gel polymer electrolyte system based on starch grafted with ionic liquid: Synthesis, characterization and its application in dye-sensitized solar cell

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