Green revolution as a planned intervention strategy for agricultural development: A systems perspective

Abstract

The green revolution was a planned intervention expected to raise cereal‐grain production in Third World countries. Use of high yield varieties (HYVs) was to reduce dependence on food imports and bring about food self‐sufficiency. Early results were increased overall cereal‐grain production, but unforseen and undesirable social and economic consequences. The use of organizational development (OD) analysis of early green revolution results indicates that the initial strategy relied on a “hard” systems analysis to bring about adoption of the high yield varieties. Early green revolution work attempted to induce attitude and behaviour change within existing local and regional institutions. Recognizing the need to ensure distribution of green revolution inputs among subsistence farmers, later strategies used a “soft” systems analysis in developing structural intervention. Largely unable to reform existing government institutions and land‐holding patterns which restricted small farmer HYV programme participation, programme managers designed alternative structures to allow the small/subsistence farmer access to HYV inputs.

Peasant maize cultivation as an assemblage: an analysis of socio-cultural dynamics of maize cultivation in western Kenya

“…As part of the efforts designed to curb hunger, Luo peasant farmers have been introduced to Green Revolution technologies such as hybrid seeds and inorganic fertilizers (Dawson et al, 2016;De Groote et al, 2005;Djurfeldt, 2005;Mutuo et al, 2006;Nziguheba et al, 2010;Sanchez et al, 2009;Sisaye & Stommes, 1985;Yuksel, 2013) which can be said to be part of the deterritorialisation processes. The peasant farmers have been disassembling these technologies to selectively use the elements that fit within the Luo assemblage at certain points in time.…”

A Prefeasibility Study for the Adaptive Reuse of Cultural Historical Landscapes as Drivers and Enablers of Sustainable Development

“…Cultural heritage, a driving force for sustainable development and urban livability, consists of non-renewable resources that express the values, knowledge, and traditions of people [17,18]. The management of cultural heritage has evolved to be understood as "change management", involving a variety of stakeholders and disciplines [19][20][21][22][23]. The Adaptive Reuse (AR) of cultural heritage, which preserves the heritage by providing a new function to the site/building, extends the life cycle of the heritage and can implement circular models in its management [13,[24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

The Financial Sustainability of Cultural Heritage Reuse Projects: An Integrated Approach for the Historical Rural Landscape

“…Indeed, the Hard System Analysis allows collecting 'objective' information and data relevant for the decision issue [35]. At the same time, Soft System Analysis integrated this 'objective' knowledge with the one provided by local stakeholders [36], selected through the application of the Institutional Analysis technique [37].…”