Green strategy for the synthesis of polyurethane by a heterogeneous catalyst based on activated clay

A Review of the Sustainable Approaches in the Production of Bio-based Polyurethanes and Their Applications in the Adhesive Field

“…In accordance with the Green Chemistry tenets, the application of synthesis protocols involving "safer solvents and reaction conditions" [18] is a further step to a sustainable production of PUs, as may be inferred from the recent investigation of Boulauche et al [143], when conducting a solvent-free cationic polymerization, by dint of the application of a heterogeneous ecofriendly catalyst, namely maghnite-H + . As a consequence, the production of waterborne, radiation-curable and non-isocyanate polyurethanes have emerged in response to the ever-increasing environmental awareness.…”

Selective Valorization of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Diformylfuran Using Atmospheric O2 and MAPbBr3 Perovskite under Visible Light

“…As important renewable carbon feedstocks, biomass has recently attracted tremendous attention as one of the potential alternatives to petroleum resources to generate sustainable fuels and value-added fine chemicals. The effective transformation and utilization of biomass or biomass-derived intermediates could play a crucial role in solving energy, ecological, and environmental problems. − The biomass-derived chemical 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), widely produced via the dehydration of C6 carbohydrates, is considered as a versatile platform compound with high industrial potential. , As shown in Scheme , HMF could be oxidized to various furanic products. Among them, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) are regarded as most valuable starting reagents for furan-based polyesters, pharmaceutical intermediates, antibacterial agents, and furanic poly-Schiff bases …”

Selection of suitable bentonite and the influence of various acids on the preparation of a special clay for the removal of trace olefins from aromatics

“…Basal spacing (d 001 ) of samples can be estimated according to the peaks that are seen within 0< 2Ө <10 degrees. Accordingly, the basal spacing of natural clay and activated clay with H 2 SO 4 and HCl are 10.7 Å, 12.16 Å, and 12.64 Å, respectively (Boulaouche et al, 2019). This basal spacing shows that the activation procedure increases basal spacing about 2 Å, and activation with HCl increases basal spacing more than H 2 SO 4 (Rouhani et al, 2016).…”

“…The XRD traces of the various samples are comparable, suggesting that the acid activation did not significantly disrupt the structure of the montmorillonite. The d 001 basal spacings of the NC and activated clays with H 2 SO 4 and HCl are 10.70, 12.16, and 12.64 Å, respectively (Boulaouche et al, 2019). Hence, during activation, the basal spacing increased by ∼2 Å, and activation with HCl increased the basal spacing to a greater extent than activation with H 2 SO 4 (Rouhani et al, 2016).…”