Green Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using a Lythrum salicaria Extract and In Vitro Exploration of Their Biological Activities

Abstract

This research describes an eco-friendly green route for the synthesis of AgNPs using an aqueous extract of Lythrum salicaria. Taguchi design was used to optimize the synthesis method, taking into account various working conditions. The optimum parameters were established using a 3 mM AgNO3 concentration, a 1:9 extract:AgNO3 volume ratio, a pH value of 8, 60 ℃ temperature, and 180 min reaction time. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, and TEM and EDX analysis. The SPR band at 410 nm, as well as the functional groups of biomolecules identified by FTIR and the EDX signals at ~3 keV, confirmed the synthesis of spherical AgNPs. The average AgNPs size was determined to be 40 nm, through TEM, and the zeta potential was −19.62 mV. The antimicrobial assay showed inhibition against S. aureus and C. albicans. Moreover, the results regarding the inhibition of lipoxygenase and of peroxyl radical-mediated hemolysis assays were promising and justify further antioxidant studies.

Antioxidant Activities of Photoinduced Phycogenic Silver Nanoparticles and Their Potential Applications

“…The frequency variation in FTIR peaks between the extract and LU-AgNPs corresponds to the interaction or bonding of a functional group with the surface atoms of NPs [ 16 ]. The peak shifting and decrease in band intensities observed in the spectral profile of photocatalytically biosynthesized LU-AgNPs further confirmed the interactions between the phytochemical functional groups and LU-AgNPs [ 67 ]. The decrease in band intensity from 3420 cm −1 to 3300 cm −1 confirmed the involvement of OH − and proteins in the bioreduction and stabilization of LU-AgNPs.…”

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Salvia verticillata and Filipendula ulmaria Extracts: Optimization of Synthesis, Biological Activities, and Catalytic Properties

“…The bands at 1404 and 1448 cm −1 in SVE and FUE spectra, may be assigned to C-O bending vibrations of carboxylic acids or esters, O-H bending vibration of alcohol and phenols, and bending vibration of N-H in amides. The medium broad bands at 1265 and 1073 cm −1 are found in the SVE specter and in FUE at 1234 and 1035 cm −1 ; this is also the C–O stretching mode of the alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, ethers, carbohydrates residues, and flavonoids (C-O-C group) [ 28 , 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”

“…This transfer reduces activating energy for CR reduction and stabilizes the system [ 53 ]. AgNPs also represent a suitable surface for attaching both reactants, CR and BH 4 ‾ , and allowing the reaction to take place [ 34 ]. Fauda et al [ 58 ] have shown that light can also initiate silver nanoparticle catalysis.…”

Antibacterial and antioxidant potential analysis of Verbascum sinaiticum leaf extract and its synthesized silver nanoparticles

“…FTIR study was conducted to confirm the functional groups (which are responsible for reduction, stabilization, and capping agents) in order to verify the capped biomolecules with silver nanoparticles [ 10 ]. It was then compared with the FTIR spectrum of leaves extract.…”

“…Similarly, Antonysamy and his coworkers utilized the O dontosoria chinensis (L.) plant to synthesize silver nanoparticles, exhibiting potential toxicity, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, Corciovă and his team used Lythrum salicaria extract to synthesize silver nanoparticles with remarkable antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities [ [8] , [9] , [10] ]. These studies highlight the exceptional potential of plant extracts in producing silver nanoparticles with enhanced medicinal properties when compared to the extracts alone.…”