Green synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles from Mangifera indica leaves for dental restoration and antibacterial applications

Abstract

Green synthesis has gained a wide recognition as clean synthesis technique in the recent years. In the present investigation, silver nanoparticles were prepared by a novel green synthesis technique using Mangifera indica (Mango leaves) and found to be successfully used in dental applications. The prepared samples were spectroscopically characterized by XRD, PSA, SEM with EDS, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The crystalline size and lattice strain were analyzed from the XRD data which were counter-verified by W–H plots and particle size analyzer. The XRD peaks revealed that average crystalline size of the as-synthesized Ag nanoparticles was of 32.4 nm with face-centered cubic structure. This was counter-verified by particle size analyzer and Williamson–Hall plots and found to be 31.7 and 33.21 nm in the former and latter, and the crystalline size of Ag NPs could be concluded as 32 ± 2 nm. The morphological structure of the prepared sample was studied through SEM images and the chemical composition was analyzed by the EDS data. The band energy was calculated as 393 nm from UV–Vis, which confirmed the synthesized sample as Ag nanoparticles. To improve the mechanical bonding and hardness of the dentally used glass ionomer cement (GIC), the synthesized silver nanoparticles were incorporated into GIC in 2% weight ratio. The morphology of the prepared specimens was studied using optical microscope images. Vickers microhardness and Monsanto hardness tests were performed on GIC, GIC reinforced with microsilver particles and GIC reinforced with nanosilver particles and the latter derived a promising results. The results of the Monsanto tests confirmed the increase in hardness of the GIC reinforced with AgNps as 14.2 kg/cm2 compared to conventional GIC and GIC reinforced with silver microparticle as 11.7 and 9.5 kg/cm2. Similarly the Vickers hardness results exhibited the enhanced hardness of GIC-reinforced AgNps as 82 VHN compared to GIC as 54 and GIC-reinforced silver microparticles as 61 VHN. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs was tested by a well-diffusion method on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, and the obtained results exhibited a promising antibacterial activity of the as-synthesized nanoparticles.

Green synthesis of Mangifera indica silver nanoparticles and its analysis using Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy

“…Therefore, the aqueous silver ions when treated with herbal plant extracts were reduced in solution to form silver hydrosol. [17] UV-VIS spectroscopy is an important technique to determine the formation and stability of metal and can determine the [1] FTIR spectroscopy is one of the reliable and sensitive methods for detection of biomolecular fractions of various plant extract. [18] In this study, different functional groups such as alcohols, phenols, alkanes, aldehydes, primary amines, and alkynes were identified using FTIR.…”

“…In addition, it is significant on account of its preeminence in the medical field for its extensive applications. [1] Even in other fields such as pharmacy and food production or packaging, researchers on nanoparticles are increased as they are effectively a bride between bulk materials and atomic or molecular structures. [2] Chemical and physical methods of nanoparticle synthesis are expensive and highly dangerous to the sustaining environment.…”

Comparison of the Antibacterial Activity of the Ethanol Extract vs Hydroalcoholic Extract of the Leaves of Mangifera indica L. (Mango) in Different Concentrations: An In Vitro Study

“…As the phenolic compound is one of the most abundant chemical components in this plant, it is considered that it gives it the ability to inhibit or block the growth of certain microorganisms. Some bacteria that cause 203 oral diseases such as S. mutans, E. faecalis, C. albicans, S. aureus and E. coli among others that have proven to be susceptible to Mangifera indica L. [11][12][13][14][15] In addition, according to the literature, the leaves of this plant have certain antibacterial properties due to the presence of saponins, steroids, alkaloids, anthracenocides, coumarins, flavonones, among other chemical compounds that are considered responsible for providing antimicrobial properties to this natural resource. 4,11 Therefore, the main objective of this research was to compare the in vitro antibacterial effect of two types of extracts (ethanol and hydroalcoholic) based on the Mangifera indica L. (mango) leaf of Northern Peru against strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538™ so that it can provide scientific evidence to the profile of this plant and incorporate it as a possible source of antibacterial agent.…”

Biosynthesis and application of silver nano-biotics for enhancing the antimicrobial activity of glass-ionomer cement against studied microorganisms and its effect on compressive strength

“…The urge for restorative dental materials that have antimicrobial properties has stimulated the introduction of materials containing different antibacterial agents. Among the antimicrobials incorporated into the dental restorative material, the monomers 12-methacryloyloxydo-decylpyridinium bromide (MDPB), chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and antibiotics are the most frequently used [5][6][7][8]. Although the addition of antibiotics to glass ionomer cement (GIC), may enhance its antibacterial effect, however, this may increase the possibility of developing antibiotic resistance [8].…”