Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Eugenia roxburghii DC. extract and activity against biofilm-producing bacteria

Abstract

The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their applications have attracted many researchers as the AgNPs are used effectively in targeting specific tissues and pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this study is to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles from fully expanded leaves of Eugenia roxburghii DC., as well as to test their effectiveness in inhibiting biofilm production. In this study, at 0.1 mM concentration of silver nitrate (AgNO3), stable AgNPs were synthesized and authenticated by monitoring the color change of the solution from yellow to brown, which was confirmed with spectrophotometric detection of optical density. The crystalline nature of these AgNPs was detected through an X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern. AgNPs were characterized through a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) to study the morphology and size of the nanoparticles (NPs). A new biological approach was undertaken through the Congo Red Agar (CRA) plate assay by using the synthesized AgNPs against biofilm production. The AgNPs effectively inhibit biofilm formation and the biofilm-producing bacterial colonies. This could be a significant achievement in contending with many dynamic pathogens.

Green Synthesis of Flower-Like Carrageenan-Silver Nanoparticles and Elucidation of Its Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties

“…The analysis was performed in a continuous mode, with a scan speed of 4.00°/min at 25 °C. The crystallite size was calculated using the following Scherrer equation [ 8 , 15 , 29 ]:…”

“…Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most fascinating metal nanomaterials that have received considerable attention in recent years because of their distinctive physicochemical properties and remarkable antibacterial activities [ 4 , 5 ]. The synthesis of AgNPs can be achieved via chemical and physical routes, but the hazardous effects of their by-products on the environment and the high manufacturing cost are major concerns [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Hence, various biomolecules, including yeast, bacteria, fungi, and algae, as well as plant extracts, have been explored for the green synthesis of AgNPs [ 3 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Green synthesized silver nanoparticles: Optimization, characterization, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity study by hemolysis assay

“…Streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium , and Klebsiella pneumoniae were all susceptible to the antibacterial action of the produced AgNPs. From the leaves of Eugenia roxburghii , silver nanoparticles were produced that efficiently prevented the growth of bacterial colonies that produce biofilm ( Giri et al, 2022 ). Similar to this, AgNPs mediated by Acorus calamus (rhizome) extract have demonstrated excellent activity in a dose-dependent manner against Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella enterica , B. cereus , S. enterica , and E. coli as well as exhibiting good stability and could be used as a potential antibacterial agent for a commercial application ( Sudhakar et al, 2015 ).…”

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the extract of spent coffee used for paper-based hydrogen peroxide sensing device

“…The prepared paper-based sensor containing carbon dot functionalized paper coupled with AgNPs could stably detect H 2 O 2 for 4 weeks with a detection limit of 1.38 µM 11 . For AgNP production, the green synthesis of AgNPs is an environmentally friendly process that has attracted considerable attention 12 . The properties of green-synthesized AgNPs, such as shape, size, and morphology, depended on several factors, i.e., pH, temperature, reaction time, and concentrations of the reducing agent and silver salt 13 , 14 .…”