Green Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Silver Nanoparticles Using Bioflocculant: A Review

Abstract

Nanotechnology has emerged as an effective means of removing contaminants from water. Traditional techniques for producing nanoparticles, such as physical methods (condensation and evaporation) and chemical methods (oxidation and reduction), have demonstrated high efficiency. However, these methods come with certain drawbacks, including the significant energy requirement and the use of costly and hazardous chemicals that may cause nanoparticles to adhere to surfaces. To address these limitations, researchers are actively developing alternative procedures that are cost-effective, environmentally safe, and user-friendly. One promising approach involves biological synthesis, which utilizes plants or microorganisms as reducing and capping agents. This review discusses various methods of nanoparticle synthesis, with a focus on biological synthesis using naturally occurring bioflocculants from microorganisms. Bioflocculants offer several advantages, including harmlessness, biodegradability, and minimal secondary pollution. Furthermore, the review covers the characterization of synthesized nanoparticles, their antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity. Additionally, it explores the utilization of these NPs in water purification and dye removal processes.

The biological synthesis, characterization, and therapeutic utility of Fusarium oxysporum silver nanoparticles

“…It is vital to develop a green strategy for AgNP production that avoids using materials that are hazardous to the environment or public health. Compared to traditional synthetic methods, biological systems present a novel idea for the synthesis of nanomaterials [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. It has been shown that a wide variety of microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, are capable of synthesizing inorganic materials both inside and outside of cells.…”