Green Synthesis of a CuO–ZnO Nanocomposite for Efficient Photodegradation of Methylene Blue and Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol

Bekru, Aklilu Guale; Tufa, Lemma Teshome; Zelekew, Osman Ahmed; Goddati, Mahendra; Lee, Jaebeom; Sabir, Fedlu Kedir

doi:10.1021/acsomega.2c02687

Cited by 86 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…36-1451 (Table , see the example in Supporting Information S1). − The obtained lattice constant “ c ” for all JB samples was observed in the range of 5.06–5.08 Å which was lower than that of the standard hexagonal wurtzite structure with the “ c ” value at 2.21 Å. The lowering of “ c ” value was a consequence of the presence of iron (Fe) in all samples as observed from EDX (Figure C, see the example in Supporting Information S2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Investigating the Role of Classical Ayurveda-Based Incineration Process on the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Based Jasada Bhasma Nanoparticles and Zn²⁺ Bioavailability

Balkrishna

Sharma

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Jasada bhasma (JB) is a zinc oxide-based Indian traditional Ayurveda-based herbo-metallic nanoparticle used for the treatment of zinc (Zn) deficiency and autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. JB is made by following the Ayurveda-based guidelines using zinc oxide (ZnO) as a raw material and going through 17 cycles of the high-temperature incineration and trituration process known as “Ma̅raṇa” in the presence of herbal decoctions prepared from the leaves ofAzadirachta indica andAloe vera gel. These cycles improve the purity of the parent material and transform its physicochemical properties, converting it into nanoparticles. However, there still exists a knowledge gap regarding the role of incineration in the physicochemical transformation of the Zn raw material into JB nanoparticles and the biological interaction of the final product. In the present study, the JB samples obtained during different Ma̅raṇa cycles were carefully studied for their physicochemical transformation using analytical methods such as powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). According to the XRD results, the Zn and oxygen molecules in hexagonal ZnO wurtzite crystals gradually realigned as a result of repeated heat treatments that caused lattice tension and crystal size reduction from 53.14 to 42.40 nm. A morphological transition from 1.5 μm rod shape to 31 nm in the JB particles can be seen using FESEM and SAXS analyses. The existence of 10 nm-sized nanoparticles in the finished product was confirmed by HRTEM. The presence of ZnO was confirmed in all samples by FTIR and Raman spectroscopies. Cell viability analysis showed an inhibitory concentration 50% of >1000 μg/mL for JB nanoparticles, revealing no adverse effects in human colon Caco-2 cells. A dose-dependent uptake and intracellular accumulation of JB nanoparticles were observed in Caco-2 cells using inductively coupled plasma-based mass spectroscopy (ICP–MS). Bioavailability of Zn2+ ions (6% w/w) through JB dissolution in acidic pH 4.0 was observed, representing the stomach and intracellular lysosomal physiological conditions. Therefore, the study showed that the repeated incineration cycles produced biocompatible JB nanoparticles through the physicochemical transformation at molecular levels capable of delivering bioavailable Zn2+ ions under physiological conditions. In conclusion, the medicinal properties of JB nanoparticles described in Ayurveda were found to originate from their small size and dissolution properties, formed through the classical incineration-based synthesis process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Investigating the Role of Classical Ayurveda-Based Incineration Process on the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Based Jasada Bhasma Nanoparticles and Zn²⁺ Bioavailability

Balkrishna

Sharma

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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“…For the green synthesis of CuO NPs, 170.48 mg of CuCl 2 . 2H 2 O was dissolved in a 50 mL aqueous extract of the Moringa oleifera leaves at 70 °C under vigorous stirring in the open atmosphere by following the methods [32,33] with modifications. After continued stirring the solution for 24 h, centrifugation at 5000 rpm was done and the obtained precipitate was rinsed three times with distilled water and one time with ethanol (EtOH), and then a purified precipitate was obtained which was further dried at 60 °C for 12 h.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of Cuo Nps Using Moringa Olei...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic Synthesis, Characterization, and Antifungal Activity Studies of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaves

Prasad Prajapati,

Toppo,

Majhi

et al. 2023

ChemistrySelect

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The present study reports the green synthesis of cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) by an aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera and the antifungal activity assessment of CuO NPs against the phytopathogenic fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. The CuO NPs showed variable fungitoxic effects against A. flavus and A. niger. At higher doses (1 mg/mL), 83.51 % of mycelial inhibition was found against A. flavus, but 43.51 % was found against A. niger. The percentage inhibition of mycelial growth was found to be dose dependent. The cell viability analysis was carried out to reveal the mechanism of the fungitoxic effect of synthesized NPs and it was revealed that the CuO NPs caused oxidative stress associated with increased ROS production, leading to fungal cell death. The synthesized CuO NPs showed single phase cupric oxide with a monoclinic structure and highly uniform in size (3–5 nm). As the synthesized CuO NPs showed good stability under open atmospheric conditions and a fungitoxicity effect against A. flavus, they may be used to control fungal diseases in an eco‐friendly manner.

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“…According to the authors’ literature search, there are many reports about the synthesis of Cu-doped ZnO − and ZnO/CuO composites ,− by various methods. However, there is no report on the SCS approach-based synthesis of Cu-doped ZnO/CuO (Cu-ZnO/CuO) NCs for the application of 4-nitrophenol catalytic reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cu/CuO-Doped ZnO Nanocomposites via Solution Combustion Synthesis for Catalytic 4-Nitrophenol Reduction

et al. 2023

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The synthesis of optoelectrically enhanced nanomaterials should be continuously improved by employing timeand energy-saving techniques. The porous zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper-doped ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized by the time-and energy-efficient solution combustion synthesis (SCS) approach. In this SCS approach, once the precursor− surfactant complex ignition point is reached, the reaction starts and ends within a short time without the need for any external energy. The TGA−DTA analysis confirmed that 500 °C was the point at which stable metal oxide was obtained. The doping and heterojunction strategy improved the optoelectric properties of the NCs more than the individual constituents, which then enhanced the materials' charge transfer and optical absorption capabilities. The porosity, nanoscale crystallite size (15−50 nm), and formation of Cu/CuO-ZnO NCs materials were confirmed from the XRD, SEM, and TEM/HRTEM analyses. The obtained d-spacing values of 0.275 and 0.234 nm confirm the formation of ZnO and CuO crystals, respectively. The decrease in photoluminescence intensity for the doped NCs corroborates a reduction in electron−hole recombination. On the Mott−Schottky analysis, the positive slope for ZnO confirms the n-type character, while the negative and positive slopes of the NCs confirm the p-and n-type characters, respectively. A diffusion-controlled type of charge transfer process on the electrode surface was confirmed from the cyclic voltammetric analysis. Thus, the overall analysis shows the applicability of the less expensive and more efficient SCS for several applications, such as catalysis and sensors. To confirm this, an organic catalytic reduction reaction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol was tested. Within three and a half minutes, the catalytic reduction result showed the great potential of NCs over ZnO NPs. Thus, the energy-and time-saving SCS approach has a great future outlook as an industrial pollutant catalytic reduction application.

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Green Synthesis of a CuO–ZnO Nanocomposite for Efficient Photodegradation of Methylene Blue and Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol

Cited by 86 publications

References 76 publications

Investigating the Role of Classical Ayurveda-Based Incineration Process on the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Based Jasada Bhasma Nanoparticles and Zn²⁺ Bioavailability

Investigating the Role of Classical Ayurveda-Based Incineration Process on the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Based Jasada Bhasma Nanoparticles and Zn²⁺ Bioavailability

Biogenic Synthesis, Characterization, and Antifungal Activity Studies of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaves

Cu/CuO-Doped ZnO Nanocomposites via Solution Combustion Synthesis for Catalytic 4-Nitrophenol Reduction

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Green Synthesis of a CuO–ZnO Nanocomposite for Efficient Photodegradation of Methylene Blue and Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol

Cited by 86 publications

References 76 publications

Investigating the Role of Classical Ayurveda-Based Incineration Process on the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Based Jasada Bhasma Nanoparticles and Zn2+ Bioavailability

Investigating the Role of Classical Ayurveda-Based Incineration Process on the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Based Jasada Bhasma Nanoparticles and Zn2+ Bioavailability

Biogenic Synthesis, Characterization, and Antifungal Activity Studies of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaves

Cu/CuO-Doped ZnO Nanocomposites via Solution Combustion Synthesis for Catalytic 4-Nitrophenol Reduction

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Investigating the Role of Classical Ayurveda-Based Incineration Process on the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Based Jasada Bhasma Nanoparticles and Zn²⁺ Bioavailability

Investigating the Role of Classical Ayurveda-Based Incineration Process on the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Based Jasada Bhasma Nanoparticles and Zn²⁺ Bioavailability