2021
DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04718c
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Green synthesis of carbon dots and their applications

Abstract: A review of the green carbon dot synthesis literature outlining the various precursors used, synthesis and purification methods employed, the resulting physicochemical properties of the carbon dots, and their applications.

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Cited by 160 publications
(81 citation statements)
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“…As the bottom-up pathway is attractive due its simple application and easily tunable properties ( Chahal et al., 2021 ), it has been the main approach to obtain CDs ( da Júnior et al., 2021 ). Here the small size components (organic molecular precursors) are self-assembled by physical or chemical processes ( Kashani et al., 2019 ; Baragau et al., 2021 ; Li et al., 2021b ) such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, pyrolysis, combustion, microwave-assisted, or electrochemical process to promote the interaction and the formation of CDs ( Shaker et al., 2020 ; Deng et al., 2021 ; Hou et al., 2021 ; Xu et al., 2021 ).…”
Section: Synthesis Techniques For Obtaining Cdsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As the bottom-up pathway is attractive due its simple application and easily tunable properties ( Chahal et al., 2021 ), it has been the main approach to obtain CDs ( da Júnior et al., 2021 ). Here the small size components (organic molecular precursors) are self-assembled by physical or chemical processes ( Kashani et al., 2019 ; Baragau et al., 2021 ; Li et al., 2021b ) such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, pyrolysis, combustion, microwave-assisted, or electrochemical process to promote the interaction and the formation of CDs ( Shaker et al., 2020 ; Deng et al., 2021 ; Hou et al., 2021 ; Xu et al., 2021 ).…”
Section: Synthesis Techniques For Obtaining Cdsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In fact, most organic compounds rich in carbon atoms can be used as raw material for the synthesis of CQDs [ 49 ]. According to previous studies, CQDs have been produced from various natural carbon sources such as citric acid, denatured milk, dried leaves, broccoli, food waste, pomelo fruit, ginkgo leaf, grass, humic acid, ascorbic acid, gelatin and straw [ 44 , 50 , 51 ].…”
Section: Carbon-based Nanostructuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…That is excitation by light of long wavelength and low frequency, light of short wavelength and high frequency is emitted. [ 26 ] The upconversion PL mechanism is anti‐Stokes luminescence. [ 27 ] When low energy light excites the electrons in the π orbitals, the π electrons are lifted to a higher energy state and then fall back to the lower energy σ state, and upconversion PL occurs.…”
Section: Optical Propertiesmentioning
confidence: 99%