Green synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles using calotropis procera leaf extract and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity

Abstract

In this study, magnetite nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using Calotropis procera aqueous leaf extract. The effect of the whole extract and some of its phytochemicals on the particle size distribution was determined using Dynamic light scattering (DLS) while other characterizations such as UV–vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were carried out. The antimicrobial activity against selected microorganisms was also studied using the agar well diffusion method. The leaf extract showed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and tannins. The magnetite nanoparticle synthesized using the leaf extract (Calotropis procera/Fe3O4) had an average particle size of 11.1nm with a PDI of 0.142 while the phenolic, flavonoid and saponin extracts of Calotropis procera leafs produced magnetites with average particle sizes of 62.83nm, 68.02nm and 134nm respectively. The UV-vis spectra displayed the characteristic plasmon resonance peak at 420nm, the FTIR plots highlighted important functional groups including peaks between 600cm-1 and 400cm-1 confirming the formation of iron oxide while the SEM micrographs showed the nanoparticles were mainly irregular in shape with areas of agglomeration. Calotropis procera/Fe3O4 displayed significant anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum while no activity was recorded against Escherichia coli. The study indicated that Calotropis procera leaf extract was suitable for the green synthesis of magnetite with properties that suggest that it could be potentially applied as antimicrobial nanofillers.

A Facile Route Preparation of Fe3O4/MWCNT/ZnO/PANI Nanocomposite and its Characterization for Enhanced Microwave Absorption Properties

“…Figure 4(a) shows the Ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐Vis) spectral characteristics of the samples. The absorbance peak of Fe 3 O 4 /MWCNT was observed at 428.5 nm, which is similar to the previously reported absorbance peak of Fe 3 O 4 [35,36] . This absorbance peak can be attributed to the surface plasma resonance band in the Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle [37] .…”

“…Our analysis revealed an average spherical particle size of approximately 26.77 nm, with a standard deviation of 4.82 nm, as depicted in Figure 3(d reported absorbance peak of Fe 3 O 4 . [35,36] This absorbance peak can be attributed to the surface plasma resonance band in the Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle. [37] This evidence further confirms the formation of Fe 3 O 4 in the nanocomposite.…”

Antimicrobial Activity of Green Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles (CuNPs) Using Aqueous Extract of <i>Psidium guajava</i> on Clinical Bacteria Isolates

“…The SEM apparatus was activated, and imaging parameters were configured to capture SEM images, illustrating the morphology and surface characteristics of the nanoparticles. 38 For energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, the EDX mode was activated with meticulous detector configuration. Regions of interest designated on SEM images facilitated EDX analysis for element identification and quantification of their relative abundance.…”

Antimicrobial Activity of Green Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles (CuNPs) using Aqueous Extract of Psidium Guajava on Clinical Bacteria Isolates.

“…In SEM examination, uncontaminated nanoparticles in a dry state were evenly distributed on an appropriate substrate. The SEM apparatus was activated, and imaging parameters were configured to capture SEM images, illustrating the morphology and surface characteristics of the nanoparticles [33] .…”