Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using Garcinia extracts: a review

Abstract

The demand for nanoparticles has been increasing rapidly in recent years due to their unique properties of interest for a wide range of applications. Several physical, chemical, or microorganisms-based methods can be employed in the synthesis of nanoparticles . However, classical processes are time-consuming, complicated, and raise environmental concerns due to the use of high energy and toxic chemicals. Synthesis using plant extract outweighs some classical methods because it is rapid, simple, and eco-friendly. Therefore, plant extract appears promising to produce nanoparticles . Here we review the use of extracts from various species and plant parts of Garcinia for the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles . Garcinia gummi-gutta is a tropical species of Garcinia native to Indonesia. Common names include Garcinia cambogia, as well as brindleberry, Malabar tamarind, Goraka, and kudam puli. The fruit looks like a small pumpkin and is green to pale yellow. We present the major metabolites responsible for metal ions reduction and nanoparticles stabilisation, the synthesis mechanism, the types of metal nanoparticles formed, and their potential applications. Advantages and challenges of Garcinia extract utilisation are also discussed.

Effects of Salts and Other Contaminants on Ciprofloxacin Removal Efficiency of Green Synthesized Copper Nanoparticles

“…However, a critical requirement for green synthesis is the presence of potential plant extract with high antioxidant activity to facilitate the reduction of metal ions. G. mangostana, belonging to the Clusiaceae family, is native to tropical regions in Southeast Asia, southern Africa, America, and Australia [39]. Garcinia species have been recognized as a rich source of phenolic metabolites with robust antioxidant and high reducing properties, making them valuable contributors as reducing agents in metal nanoparticle synthesis [40,41].…”

Biomimetic Nanotechnology Vol. 3

“…Green synthesis involves the use of herbal extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents for the synthesis of nanoparticles [ 20 ]. For example, the extract of Garcinia mangostana has been used to synthesize Gold nanoparticles [ 21 ]. Microemulsion-based synthesis involves the use of microemulsions as a medium for the synthesis of nanoparticles using herbal extracts [ 22 ].…”

Biogenic ZnO Nanoparticles Derived from Garcinia gummi-gutta Leaves: Synthesis, Characterization and its Multifaceted Applications

“…Garcinia gummi-gutta commonly called Malabar tamarind is widely used for culinary purposes as well as medicinal purposes such as weight loss formulations. Hydroxy citric acid and garcinol, the main compounds present in the extract are studied for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials [16]. Similar study explored the biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using hydroxy citric acid, the primary component of Garcinia fruits derived from the dried rinds of Garcinia gummi-gutta [17].…”

“…In addition, comparison study on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles utilizing the leaves of three different plants revealed that the fresh leaf extract from Garcinia gummi-gutta produced the best results [18]. Although Garcinia gummi-gutta seeds and fruits were used in the bioremediation and synthesis of ZnO and silver nanoparticles, but no research has been done on the plant's leaves for the production of ZnO nanoparticles and photocatalytic applications [16,19,20]. This study explored the potential applications of the Garcinia gummi-gutta leafmediated ZnO nanoparticles as potential photocatalytic, antimicrobial and anticancer agents.…”