“…8–10 Conversely, Ta boasts remarkable thermal stability and corrosion resistance, positioning it as a cornerstone for high-performance alloys and electronics components. 11,12 Superalloys and refractory metals are widely used in aerospace, national defense, and other fields due to their excellent properties. 13,14 Because of the rapid pace of technological progress, the working temperatures of specialty metal materials have increased recently, which has made their welding techniques more complex.…”