Green Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles From Clove and Their Toxicity Effect and Anti-angiogenic, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential

Abstract

IntroductionNanoparticles, owing to their minuscule size, have become pivotal in diverse scientific endeavors, presenting unique characteristics with applications spanning medicine to environmental science. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) exhibit potential in diverse biomedical uses. AimThis research investigates the potential anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of SeNPs, which are synthesized using the green synthesis method. This eco-friendly approach aligns with sustainable practices and utilizes clove extract (Syzygium aromaticum). Materials and methodsClove extract facilitates SeNP synthesis via sodium selenite reduction. The characterization methods comprised Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-VIS spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Assessments covered antioxidant properties, chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) assay for antiangiogenic effects, toxicity evaluation, and antibacterial assays. ResultsSuccessful synthesis of SeNPs was verified by a UV-visible absorption peak at 256 nm and FTIR peaks around 3500-500 cm -1 , and the spherical morphology was confirmed by SEM analysis with EDAX, which indicated the presence of SeNPs and their unique properties. Phytochemical substances are active chemicals that contribute to the properties of SeNPs. The SeNPs exhibited antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 0.437 µg/mL and antibacterial properties against bacterial pathogen Salmonella species, with a zone of inhibition measuring 19 mm. The CAM assay demonstrated possible antiangiogenic actions, and toxicity testing on Artemia nauplii showed biocompatibility. ConclusionThis study underscores the efficient synthesis of SeNPs using clove extract, emphasizing their potential applications. The notable properties of SeNPs emphasize their promise for diverse biomedical and environmental uses.

Comparative Antioxidant Efficacy of Green-Synthesised Selenium Nanoparticles From Pongamia pinnata, Citrus sinensis, and Acacia auriculiformis: An In Vitro Analysis

“…The evaluation of the antioxidant potential of SeNPs was done using the DPPH assay. Their ability to scavenge free radicals highlights their potential as natural antioxidants [4,21]. A similar study by Nagalingam et al [22] reported that SeNPs exhibited significant dosedependent free radical inhibition, achieving 66.7% inhibition at a concentration of 10 μL, which increased to 83.7% at a concentration of 50 μL.…”

“…We successfully synthesised SeNPs by adding Na 2 SeO 3 solution to the aqueous extracts of AAB, CSP, and MPL separately [19,20]. The characterisation techniques included UV-Vis spectroscopy and FTIR [21]. The study of SeNP synthesis was conducted using UV spectrophotometry and the results were recorded.…”

Plant Mediated Nanoparticle Synthesis, Characterization and Its Applications in Various Fields: a Review

“…A. Aljabali et.al [27] reported no antimicrobial or antifungal activity of AuNPs up to concentrations of 5 mg/mL, which opens the possibility for the use of AuNPs for drug delivery, oral or intranasal, without interfering with the human microbiota. Behera A et al [39] reported the green synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles from Clove possessing antioxidant, antibacterial properties. Also antiangiogenic actions and biocompatibility.…”