Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Extract of Oak Fruit Hull (Jaft): Synthesis and In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect on MCF-7 Cells

Abstract

A green synthetic approach by using oak fruit hull (Jaft) extract for preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was developed and optimized. Parameters affecting the synthesis of AgNPs, such as temperature, extract pH, and concentration of extract (ratio of plant sample to extraction solvent), were investigated and optimized. Optimum conditions for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles are as follows: Ag+ concentration, 1 mM; extract concentration, 40 g/L (4% w/v); pH = 9 and temperature, 45°C. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). TEM and DLS analyses have shown the synthesized AgNPs were predominantly spherical in shape with an average size of 40 nm. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized AgNPs and Jaft extract containing AgNPs against human breast cancer cell (MCF-7) was investigated and the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were found to be 50 and 0.04 μg/mL at 24 h incubation, respectively. This eco-friendly and cost-effective synthesis method can be potentially used for large-scale production of silver nanoparticles.

Arta (Calligonum Comosum, L'Her.) Shoot Extracts: Bio-Mediator in Silver Nanoparticles Formation and Antimycotic Potential

“…UV-Vis spectroscopy in this study confirmed silver nanoparticles formation since abroad absorption peak ranging from 400-450 nm is a characteristic band for the Ag, arising from the excitation of longitudinal plasmon vibrations of AgNP in the solution [35]. On the other hand, TEM images results were well documented by the observations recorded by Singh et al; Heydari and Rashidipour [36,37]. when AgNPs prepared by Oak fruit hull.…”

Biosynthesis of nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles

“…Therefore, the cytotoxic mechanism of AgNPs is predominantly based on the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Specifically, exposure to silver nanoparticles triggers depletion in glutathione level, elevation of ROS levels, lipid peroxidation, and increased expression of ROS responsive genes, leading to DNA damage, apoptosis, and necrosis (Haider and Kang 2015).…”

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Peganum harmala extract as a green route

“…Compared with other methods, biological methods using microorganisms (7,8), enzymes (9), and plants or plant extracts like Nothapodytes nimmoniana (Graham) Mabb. fruit extracts (10), Alternanthera dentate aqueous extract, Acorus calamus and Boerhaavia diffusa plant extracts (11), Allophylus serratus leaf and leaf-derived callus extracts (12) are environmentally friendly and alternatives to chemical and physical methods for the synthesis of AgNPs (13). Synthesizing nanoparticles using plant extracts can be advantageous over other biological processes by omitting the elaborate process of maintaining cell cultures (14), complex extraction and purification processes (15) and it also allows easy scale up to produce larger amounts of nanoparticles that are free of contamination and have well-defined size and morphology (16).…”