Green Synthesis of Sliver Nanoparticles Using Costus Afer Aqueous Leaf Extract and its Effect on Liver and Kidney Biomarkers in Adult Male Wistar Rat

Abstract

Because nanotechnology has so many uses in waste management, solar energy, catalysis, and sensing, it is a field of study that is increasingly gaining attention from scientists. In the field of medicine, nanomaterials are effectively employed for wound healing, medication delivery, cardiovascular disease diagnostics and therapy, and the creation of antibacterial agents. The purpose of the current study was to assess how Costus afer-AgNPs extract affected male rats' liver indicators.There were eighteen adult male rats utilized in this experiment. Six groups of rats were randomly assigned. Throughout the experiment, the first group (control) ingested enough water and compressed food without any limitations. The Costus afer-AgNPs extract was taken daily by the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth experimental groups, who took 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Four weeks later, all groups had blood drawn under anesthesia.They separated the serum. ALP, ALT, and AST concentrations in the serum were determined, and uric acid, creatinine, and urea were examined. The LSD test, ANOVA, and SPSS were used to evaluate the gathered data. Results showed a significant increase in the mean serum urea and uric acid levels of rats but significantly brought back the markers to normal after treatment with an increasing dose of the extract. Serum levels of AST, ALP, and ALT significantly increased in the experimental groups receiving 200mg, 400mg, 600mg, 800mg and 1000mg Costus afer-AgNPs extract per kilogram body weight compared to the control group (P<0.05). Costus afer-AgNPs could be toxic upon consumption even at increasing doses.