Green synthesis of spermine coated iron nanoparticles and its effect on biochemical properties of Rosmarinus officinalis

Abstract

In this study, aqueous spinach extract was used for the green synthesis of iron nanoparticles. The surface of iron oxide nanoparticles was coated with spermine. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles were investigated using UV-Vis, TGA, FTIR, VSM, TEM, and DLS. The results showed that the nanoparticles had a spherical structure. The surface charge of the Fe3O4-NPs increased from −3.2 to 18.42 (mV) after Fe3O4 coating by spermine. In order to investigate the effect of nanoparticles on physicochemical properties of rosemary under drought stress conditions, an experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design. The results showed that the amount of antioxidant enzymes and secondary metabolites increased significantly under drought stress. Moreover, the use of spermine-coated iron nanoparticles can be useful in increasing resistance to drought stress in plants by increasing the activity of some antioxidant enzymes and secondary metabolites. The biocompatibility of Nanoparticles in cell suspension was investigated. the ability of Fe3O4-SM NPs to interact with DNA and protect it against DNaseI and ultrasonic waves using agarose gel electrophoresis was studied. The ability of Fe3O4-SM to neutralize the negative charge of DNA and protect it against DNaseΙ and ultrasonic waves was confirmed using an agarose gel electrophoresis assay.

Green Synthesis of Hyperbranched Spermine-Coated Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Their Effect on Corn Seedlings under Copper Oxide Stress

“…On the other hand, under stressful conditions, it has been shown that applying Fe 3 O 4 -NPs and single-branched and multibranched polyamines promoted proline accumulation. According to the study, Fe 3 O 4 -NPs and polyamines increase proline accumulation, free amino acid content, antioxidant enzyme activity, nutritional content, and plant tolerance to environmental stressors …”

“…Finally, using a freeze-dryer, the product was collected and dried (Christ Alpha 1–4 LD plus, Germany) (Figure ). , …”

“…The nanoparticles were then gathered using a magnet, and contaminants were removed using deionized water (Figure 1). 25 HS Synthesis. The reaction between active carboxyl groups in pentane-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid and amine groups in spermine was used to create HS.…”

“…According to the study, Fe 3 O 4 -NPs and polyamines increase proline accumulation, free amino acid content, antioxidant enzyme activity, nutritional content, and plant tolerance to environmental stressors. 25 Effect of Polymers and Copper Oxide Application on Malondialdehyde Content. The amount of damage to the cell membrane damaged mechanism and crop resistance is usually determined by assessment of the malondialdehyde (MDA) content caused by lipid peroxidation.…”

Experimental Methods for the Biological Evaluation of Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Risks

“…The use of microorganisms or plant extracts to synthesize nanoparticles allows for obtaining nanoparticles with high biocompatibility. Recent research showed that nanoparticles synthesized by such green synthesis methods have surfaces coated with proteins, fibers, and carbohydrates that provide them greater biocompatibility than those of the same size and shape but synthesized using chemical methods [ 38 , 39 ].…”