Green Synthesis of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Eucalyptus globulus Extract and Their Application in the Removal of Heavy Metals from Agricultural Soil

Abstract

The green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles is presented as an excellent sustainable alternative for achieving nanostructures, with potential applications. This research provides important information regarding the influence of the type of solvent used in extracting organic reducing agents from E. globulus on the FeO NPs green synthesis protocol. A broad approach to characterization is presented, where UV-vis spectrophotometry suggests the presence of this type of nanoparticulate material. Likewise, the reduction mechanism was evaluated by FT-IR and the magnetic properties were evaluated by PPSM. In addition, characterizations were linked via elemental analysis (EDX), crystallographic characterization (XRD), electron microscopy (SEM/STEM), and Z potential to evaluate colloidal stability. The results show the influence of the type of solvent used for the extraction of organic reducing agents from E. globulus, and the effect on the synthesis of FeO NPs. In addition, the nanostructure material obtained showed excellent efficiency in the remediation of agricultural soil, eliminating metals such as Cr-VI, Cd, and, to a lesser extent, Pb.

Piper chaba Stem Extract Facilitated the Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as an Adsorbent to Remove Congo Red Dye

“…As a result, a broad absorption band serving as a representative SPR band of IONPs at 390 nm (Figure 1), which is the characteristic SPR region of IONPs, was demonstrated, confirming the construction of the IONPs utilizing the stem extract of P. chaba. 24 Powder X-ray diffraction analysis is key to determining the phase and crystalline structures of the nanoparticles. The XRD pattern of green synthesized IONPs is shown in Figure 2.…”

“…As a result, a broad absorption band serving as a representative SPR band of IONPs at 390 nm ( Figure 1 ), which is the characteristic SPR region of IONPs, was demonstrated, confirming the construction of the IONPs utilizing the stem extract of P. chaba . 24 …”

“…In addition to all of the ways discussed above, research is also being done on IONPs produced biologically, such as by quick and simple plant-mediated synthesis and microorganism-based processes. − In addition to these characteristics, the duration of the operation and the requirement for aseptic settings are other constraints for microorganism-based procedures. IONPs have recently been produced using a variety of plant-mediated processes because extraction and separation are simple to scale up for the large-scale synthesis of nanoparticles. ,,− Additionally, the environmentally friendly IONPs have been extensively used as an antibacterial agent, ,, an adsorbent material for the removal of organic dyes ,− and heavy metal ions, , organic dye degradation catalysts, ,, and in many other applications. This motivates us to concentrate our research on the environmentally friendly synthesis of IONPs and their amazing applications.…”

“…IONPs have recently been produced using a variety of plant-mediated processes because extraction and separation are simple to scale up for the large-scale synthesis of nanoparticles. 15 , 19 , 21 − 33 Additionally, the environmentally friendly IONPs have been extensively used as an antibacterial agent, 21 , 25 , 28 an adsorbent material for the removal of organic dyes 27 , 31 − 33 and heavy metal ions, 22 , 24 organic dye degradation catalysts, 25 , 29 , 34 and in many other applications. This motivates us to concentrate our research on the environmentally friendly synthesis of IONPs and their amazing applications.…”

Remediation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soil through green nanotechnology

“…To overcome this limitation "green synthesis" approach is being used extensively nowadays. In green synthesis the biologically originated extracts such as that of plants and microbes are used in the formation of nanoparticles (Andrade-Zavaleta et al, 2022). Synthesis of nanoparticles from plant derived extract is cost effective, and favorable as compared to microorganisms.…”