Green thermal-assisted synthesis and characterization of novel cellulose-Mg(OH)2 nanocomposite in PEG/NaOH solvent

Lignin-Based Magnesium Hydroxide Nanocomposite. Synthesis and Application for the Removal of Potentially Toxic Metals from Aqueous Solution

“…The morphology of the LH-MH is the same as for previously reported cellulose−Mg(OH) 2 nanocomposite, except that embedded and spherical brucite nanoparticles are not observed. 10 TEM and SEM micrographs demonstrate successful synthesis of LH-MH reinforced by Mg(OH) 2…”

“…The wide peak at 3330 cm −1 is attributed to hydroxyl groups of the material and absorbed water. 10 The peak at 2935 cm −1 is indexed to C−H stretching vibration of aromatic methoxy, which is a side chain of either methyl or methylene groups. Peaks at 1594, 1500, and 1450 cm −1 are ascribed to common lignin groups and assigned to C−H bond deformation and aromatic vibration of benzene ring; 1265 and 1211 cm −1 are bands of aromatic phenyl and CO; the insignificant peak at 850 cm −1 is assigned to C−H deformations.…”

“…The broad peaks observed from 400 to 800 cm −1 also come from Mg−OH vibrations and O− Mg−O stretching. 10 Since NaOH was used in the synthesis, there are some changes in lignin groups, which can be assumed to be due to possible interaction in alkaline media used in the synthesis. In particular, reactions of destruction and condensation are intrinsic for lignin in the presence of alkali.…”

“…19 As reported earlier, nanosized Mg(OH) 2 onto a cellulose matrix can be easily synthesized using a straightforward and environmentally friendly method. 10 Moreover, Mg(OH) 2 is a safe reinforcement for lignin, since the World Health Organization (WHO) limit for the possible leached concentration of Mg ions is quite high (450 mg/L). 20 The aim of this study is to obtain a cost-efficient and industrially applicable material for potential toxic metal removal using sustainable techniques utilizing industrial wastes.…”

“…9 However, the production of cellulose-based nanocomposites requires the use of cellulose solvents such as ionic liquids, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), alkali-urea solutions, etc., which negatively impact the environment. 10 Moreover, cellulose is not a side product, and the use of this polymer does not solve the problem of waste utilization. Therefore, the development of novel environmentally friendly nanocompo- sites based on cost-efficiency or waste materials is worth studying.…”