Green water impact pressure on a three-dimensional model structure

Overtopping Flow Impact on a Vertical Wall on a Dike Crest

“…A similar conclusion was also obtained by other researchers. The value of b = −0.79, a=41 and a=130 for the envelope curve obtained from the present results agrees well with that of Ariyarathne et al (2012).…”

“…Also the level of aeration would affect the rising time (e.g., Blackmore and Hewson, 1984;Bullock et al, 2001). Within these studies, the wave impact of Ariyarathne et al (2012) is induced by overtopping flow (green water in their work), which is similar to the current situation. Following Eq.…”

“…b is within a range of -0.6 to -1, owning to different experimental configurations (Ariyarathne et al, 2012). Also the level of aeration would affect the rising time (e.g., Blackmore and Hewson, 1984;Bullock et al, 2001).…”

“…Based on the concept of constant impulse during the wave impact, a relation between maximum impact pressure P im and impact rising time t r can be built (e.g., Weggel and Maxwell;Salih Kirkgöz, 1990;Hattori et al, 1994;Cuomo et al, 2011;Ariyarathne et al, 2012). The definition of t r can be referred to Fig.2 from Cuomo et al (2011).…”

“…In this study, Bubble Image Velocimetry (BIV) technique developed by Ryu et al (2005) was applied to measure the flow velocity field in front of the wall. This technique has been proven sufficiently to measure this kind of flow (e.g., Ryu et al, 2007;Pedrozo-Acuña et al, 2011; Lin et al, 2012;Ariyarathne et al, 2012;Song et al, 2013). The BIV set-up of this study with top lighting provided by two Fresnel lights (500 W and 1000 W) were placed above the domain of interest, as shown in Figure 1b.…”