Greenhouse Gas Emission and Balance of Marshes at the Southern North Sea Coast

Witte, Sarah; Giani, Luise

doi:10.1007/s13157-015-0722-7

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This scenario increased especially regulation and maintenance ecosystem services (Table 2). Nevertheless, it may not promote a carbon-optimized land management because reeds are net sources of CO 2 equivalents mainly caused by high CH 4 emissions [53].…”

Section: Collaborative Landscape Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Keeping the experts motivated is an important issue, and this is not a gradual process. To keep the expert´s motivation to participate on a high level, the researchers had to constantly give feedback, consider each interest in an equitable manner [34], and provide intermediate research results of scientific investigations in the area (e.g., in [47,53,58,59]). Additionally, the knowledge-brokers had to retain a non-interventionist attitude to allow the experts to take their own decisions autonomously [60].…”

Section: The Co-design Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collaborative Landscape Planning: Co-Design of Ecosystem-Based Land Management Scenarios

et al. 2017

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Land management in coastal areas has to cope with impacts of climate change and sea level rise. In Germany, landscape plans assess and organize the spatial allocation of land use as an environmental contribution to general spatial planning. Collaborative planning processes are important to develop sustainable and ecosystem-based strategies to make coastal landscapes climate proof. However, there is little experience with collaborative processes in practical planning in Germany, and probably in other countries as well. This paper conducts an empirical case study in the low-lying coastal areas of northwest Germany. During a collaborative landscape planning process, four different ecosystem-based land management scenarios have been co-designed by regional experts and researchers. The participatory and iterative process included the development of scenario narratives to define planning goals, the use of land use elements and their relations to ecosystem services as planning entities in terms of indicators, the art-based illustrations of the different scenarios, and an evaluation and monitoring of the outcomes by regional experts. The decision-maker group decided on the so-called "actor-based" scenario, which contained freshwater retention areas (polders) to prevent potential uncontrolled flooding of the hinterland. This climate adaptation strategy has been implemented in the regional development plan of the county.

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Section: Collaborative Landscape Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Co-design Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collaborative Landscape Planning: Co-Design of Ecosystem-Based Land Management Scenarios

et al. 2017

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“…Additional trade-offs arise from spatial mismatches. For instance, the increase of water retention areas and associated reed stands that enable carbon sequestration (Witte and Giani 2016) or an increase in extensively used wetlands promoting biodiversity will lead to a spatial decrease of arable land with food and forage production. In contrast to the studies carried out by Raudsepp-Hearne et al (2010) and van der Biest et al (2014), our investigation does not clearly show actual spatial trade-offs between provisioning (food, forage, energy, and water supply) and regulating (hazard and climate regulation) services.…”

Section: Cognitive Archetypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land-use elements and attributed ecosystem services: an archetype approach to land-use evaluation at the German North Sea coast

Karrasch¹,

Klenke²,

Kleyer³

2019

E&S

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The ecosystem services concept has been introduced as a decisive approach to include ecosystem functioning in land-use planning and stakeholder-driven sustainable development. Early integration of stakeholders in participatory processes in the nexus of ecosystem services, climate adaption, and land-use management is still a demanding challenge. This investigation followed a cognitive approach to archetype analysis. We defined cognitive archetypes as recurrent patterns in individual perceptions of social-ecological relations. Our aim was to identify cognitive archetypes based on stakeholders' perceived relation between land-use elements and ecosystem services as exemplified in a German North Sea coastal region. Land-use elements were spatially explicit and delivered a variety of different ecosystem services. The stakeholders were regional decision makers and experts who represented key societal sectors, i.e., water management, agriculture, nature conservation, regional policy, and tourism. Within a participatory process, these stakeholders individually evaluated a matrix of 19 land-use elements and 18 ecosystem services. In terms of archetype analysis, the stakeholders were considered as different cases, and the evaluation of relationships between land-use elements and ecosystem services built the attributions to identify archetypes. They independently agreed on the relevance of close to one-third of 342 attributions, whereas there was disagreement on approximately two-thirds of the possible attributions. By identifying agreements across different sectors, 2 archetypes in land-use element-ecosystem service attributions were identified. The first archetype built on monofunctional attributions, i.e., one land-use element was relevant for the provision of one ecosystem service. The second archetype described land-use elements attributed to bundles of ecosystem services, indicating multifunctionality of land-use elements. Disagreement can result primarily from sector or individual viewpoints. In the case of disagreements, land-use-ecosystem relationships can reveal archetypical mutually exclusive interests, the third archetype. We found that disagreements were mainly individual and not sector specific. This indicated that individual knowledge on service outputs of multiple land uses differed strongly among the stakeholders, particularly with respect to regulatory services.

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“…Soil and plant parameter values were either taken from the literature -including those suggested in the SWAP manual (Kroes et al, 2008) -, modeled by pedotransfer functions (PTFs), or directly or indirectly measured. Data of geodetic height, grain size distribution, soil organic matter, soil layer thickness, and bulk density were available from measurements for previous studies (Witte and Giani, 2016). Since SWAP was originally set up and tested in the Netherlands (Kroes et al, 2000) with similar environmental conditions to our study area, we adopted default parameter values where we had no additional information.…”

Section: Input Data and Model Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating future salinity dynamics in a coastal marshland under different climate scenarios

Eberhard

Schaik

Schibalski

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Salinization is a well-known problem in agricultural areas worldwide. For the last 20–30 years, rising salinity in the upper, unconfined aquifer has been observed in the Freepsumer Meer, a deep grassland area near the German North Sea coast. In order to investigate long-term development of soil salinity and water balance, the one-dimensional SWAP model was set up and calibrated for a soil column in the area, simulating water and salt balance at discrete depths for 1961–2099. The model setup involved a deep aquifer as the only source of salt through upward seepage since other sources were negligible. In the vertical salt transport equation, only dispersion and advection were included. Six different regional outputs of statistical downscaling methods (WETTREG, XDS), based on simulations of different GCMs (ECHAM5, ECHAM6, IPSL-CM5) driven by greenhouse gas emission scenarios (SRES-A2, SRES-B1) and concentration pathways (RCP45, RCP85), were used as scenarios. These comprised different rates of increasing surface temperature and essentially different trends in seasonal rainfall. The results of the model runs exhibit opposing salinity trends for topsoil and deeper layers: While the projections of some scenarios entail decreasing salinities near the soil surface, most of them project a rise in subsoil salinity with strongest trends of up to +0.9 mg cm−3 (100 a)−1 at −65 cm. The results suggest that topsoil salinity trends are affected by the magnitude of winter rainfall trends while high subsoil salinity trends correspond to low winter rainfall and high summer temperature. Absolute salinity is high in scenarios of high-temperature and low-rainfall summers. How these projected trends affect the vegetation and thereby future land use will depend on the future management of groundwater levels in the area.

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Greenhouse Gas Emission and Balance of Marshes at the Southern North Sea Coast

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Collaborative Landscape Planning: Co-Design of Ecosystem-Based Land Management Scenarios

Collaborative Landscape Planning: Co-Design of Ecosystem-Based Land Management Scenarios

Land-use elements and attributed ecosystem services: an archetype approach to land-use evaluation at the German North Sea coast

Simulating future salinity dynamics in a coastal marshland under different climate scenarios

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