GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS CONTROL BY OXYGEN FIRING IN CIRCULATING FLUID BED BOILERS (Phase II--Evaluation of the Oxyfuel CFB Concept)

Marion, John; Nsakala, Nsakala ya

doi:10.2172/883158

Cited by 4 publications

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“…( 12) from Romano et al [30]. This correlation is based on the scaling law and uses the oxy-fuel circulating fluidised bed system as the reference capital cost (C0) [31]. Heat input to the calciner (Qcalc) and reactor volume (V) are considered as the scaling parameters, along with the relevant scaling factors for heat input (SF,Q) and reactor volume (SF,V).…”

Section: Feasibility Assessment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scaling factor of coal-fired power plant (-) [31] 0.67 Scaling factor for the heat transfer surfaces (-) [30] 0.85 Scaling factor for the heat rate in the calciner (-) [30] 0.9 Scaling factor for the volume of the reactors (-) [30] 0.67 Superficial velocity (m/s) [32,33] 5 Height-to-diameter ratio (-) [34] 3 Economic variables Variable operating and maintenance cost rate (%/year) [19,35] 2 Fixed operating and maintenance cost rate (%/year) [19,35] 1 Carbon tax (€/tonne) 25 Specific cost of CO2 transport and storage (€/tonne) [30] 7 Specific cost of sorbent (€/tonne) [19,35] 6 Specific cost of coal (€/GJ) [35,36] 1.5 Specific cost of biomass (€/GJ) [37] 4.5 Project discount rate (%) [19,35] 8.78 Project expected lifetime (years) [19,35] 25 Capacity factor (%) [19,35] 80 Reference specific capital cost of coal-fired power plant (€/kW) [29] 1100 Reference specific capital cost of calcium looping process (€/kW) [31] 1252.3…”

Section: Variable Value Scale and Size Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transforming carbon-intensive coal-fired power plants into negative emission technologies via biomass-fired calcium looping retrofit

Hanak

2023

Preprint

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Calcium looping is a promising CO2 capture technology due to reduced energy and economic penalties compared to mature solvent scrubbing technologies and the potential for achieving negative emissions. This study examined the potential for transforming coal-fired power plants into negative CO2 emission technologies via retrofit of calcium looping with biomass co-firing in the calciner. The results confirmed that co-firing 30% biomass with coal in the calciner was sufficient for the retrofitted process to achieve negative CO2 emissions (-3.9 gCO2/kWh). Such a retrofit scenario had a net efficiency of 29.9% and a levelised cost of electricity of 81.1–81.4 €/MWh. Alternative approaches to calcium looping design were also explored to maximise the techno-economic viability of the retrofitted process. It was shown that by reducing the CO2 capture rate in the carbonator to 70%, the retrofitted process maintained the same net efficiency as the reference retrofit scenario. This modification resulted in a 1.8–5.0% reduction in the levelized cost of electricity. Moreover, reducing the fraction of flue gas fed to the carbonator to 80% resulted in a 0.6%-point reduction in efficiency penalty compared to the reference retrofit scenario. Although this adjustment led to specific CO2 emissions of 109.0 gCO2/kWh (4.0% higher than the reference retrofit), the emissions remained 86.2% lower than those of the unabated host plant. Notably, the levelized cost of electricity in this scenario was 6.2–7.5% lower than that for the reference retrofit scenario. Overall, this study demonstrated that by incorporating biomass co-firing, the calcium looping retrofits can transform the existing coal-fired power plants into negative CO2 emission technologies or, at the very least, improve the techno-economic viability of CO2 capture. Future research should address the broader environmental impact and potential challenges associated with biomass co-firing in coal-fired power plants retrofitted with calcium looping.

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Section: Feasibility Assessment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Variable Value Scale and Size Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming carbon-intensive coal-fired power plants into negative emission technologies via biomass-fired calcium looping retrofit

Hanak

2023

Preprint

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Process and Cost Analysis of a Biomass Power Plant with in Situ Calcium Looping CO₂ Capture Process

Ozcan

Alonso

Ahn

et al. 2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A novel concept is presented to capture CO2 from a large-scale (>100 MWe) dedicated biomass-fired power plant by using CaO as the CO2 sorbent. Biomass is burnt in a circulating fluidized bed at sufficiently low temperature to allow in situ CO2 capture at atmospheric pressure. The product, CaCO3, is then calcined in an interconnected oxy-fuel combustor, or calciner, that delivers CO2 ready for subsequent purification, compression, and permanent geological storage. A detailed process analysis using Honeywell’s UniSim R400 is carried out to reveal process performance and economics of the proposed power plant which is compared against biomass-air-fired and biomass-oxy-fired power plants. A heat exchanger network is designed using a pinch analysis aimed at the recovery of the maximum amount of excess heat from high temperature gas and solid streams in the plant, while the recovered heat is transferred into a subcritical steam cycle for power generation. The entire process simulation also includes a CO2 purification and compression unit that allows reaching more than 95 mol % CO2 purity. The close similarity of the system with commercial coal based CFB power plants enables us to evaluate costs of electricity and CO2 avoided in detail. This process is capable of achieving 84% overall CO2 capture efficiency with additional cost of 43 €/ton CO2 avoided excluding green certificate and European Trading Scheme (ETS) CO2 incentives. If current typical values for these subsidies are included, the avoided cost can even take negative values. The biomass-air-fired plant becomes the most attractive option when only green certificates are introduced. The biomass-oxy-fired and in situ calcium looping plants largely improve their economics when ETS price for CO2 credits increases. The in situ calcium looping option becomes slightly more economical and more flexible to adapt to different market conditions affecting the economic incentives to use biomass for power generation when the biomass plant is colocated with an oxy-fired coal power plant.

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Calcium looping with inherent energy storage for decarbonisation of coal-fired power plant

Hanak

Biliyok

2016

Energy Environ. Sci.

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GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS CONTROL BY OXYGEN FIRING IN CIRCULATING FLUID BED BOILERS (Phase II--Evaluation of the Oxyfuel CFB Concept)

Abstract: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United Sates Government.

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Transforming carbon-intensive coal-fired power plants into negative emission technologies via biomass-fired calcium looping retrofit

Transforming carbon-intensive coal-fired power plants into negative emission technologies via biomass-fired calcium looping retrofit

Process and Cost Analysis of a Biomass Power Plant with in Situ Calcium Looping CO₂ Capture Process

Calcium looping with inherent energy storage for decarbonisation of coal-fired power plant

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GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS CONTROL BY OXYGEN FIRING IN CIRCULATING FLUID BED BOILERS (Phase II--Evaluation of the Oxyfuel CFB Concept)

Abstract: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United Sates Government.

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Transforming carbon-intensive coal-fired power plants into negative emission technologies via biomass-fired calcium looping retrofit

Transforming carbon-intensive coal-fired power plants into negative emission technologies via biomass-fired calcium looping retrofit

Process and Cost Analysis of a Biomass Power Plant with in Situ Calcium Looping CO2 Capture Process

Calcium looping with inherent energy storage for decarbonisation of coal-fired power plant

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Product

Resources

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Process and Cost Analysis of a Biomass Power Plant with in Situ Calcium Looping CO₂ Capture Process