Greenhouse gas emissions from selected horticultural production systems in a cold temperate climate

Lloyd, Kaitlin; Madramootoo, Chandra A.; Edwards, K.P.; Grant, Angela

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.04.030

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Cranberry agroecosystems were shown to contribute to CO 2 emissions much less (2.7-3.4 t CO 2 eq ha −1 ) compared to other horticultural cropping systems [20]. Indeed, slowly decomposing carbon can accumulate in large amounts in layered cranberry soils after burial of organic matter through regular sanding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The largest C stocks have been found at high latitude [18,19]. While the seasonal CO 2 emission of Quebec cranberry soils has been estimated at 2.7-3.4 t CO 2 eq ha −1 [20], the effect of global warming on CO 2 emission in the soil profile as a function of temperature has not been established. The activation energy of decomposition and the Q 10 coefficient as increase in reaction rate per 10 • C [17,21,22] can reflect the differential contribution of soil layers to CO 2 emissions in cranberry agroecosystems in areas of rapid climate change such as Eastern Canada.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CO2 Emissions in Layered Cranberry Soils under Simulated Warming

et al. 2023

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Sanding to bury the overgrowth of uprights and promote new growth results in alternate sand and organic sublayers in the 0–30 cm layer of cranberry soils contributing to global carbon storage. The aim of this study was to measure CO2 emission rates in cranberry soil sublayers under simulated warming. Soil samples (0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm) were incubated in jars for up to 105 days at 10, 20 and 30 °C. The CO2 emission rate was measured biweekly by gas chromatography. The CO2 emission rate increased with temperature and decreased in deeper soil sublayers. Linear regression relating CO2 efflux to soil sublayer and temperature returned R2 = 0.87. Sensitivity of organic matter decomposition to temperature was estimated as activation energy and as Q10 coefficient, the increase in reaction rate per 10 °C. Activation energy was 50 kJ mol−1, 59 kJ mol−1 and 71 kJ mol−1 in the in the 0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm sublayers, respectively, indicating higher molecular-weight compounds resisting to decomposition in deeper sublayers. The Q10 values were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in the 10–30 cm (2.79 ± 0.10) than the 0–10 cm (2.18 ± 0.07) sublayers. The 20–30 cm sublayer where less total carbon was stored was the most sensitive to higher temperature. Cranberry soils could be used as sensitive markers of global warming.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 Emissions in Layered Cranberry Soils under Simulated Warming

et al. 2023

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“…2015–Mar.2017 Rich P.arundinacea flooded plots − 3970 to − 5970 450 to 1,110 4.0 to 5.5 Kandel et al 2020 Rich P.arundinacea semi-flooded plots − 2650 to − 4990 160 to 710 4.0 to 6.0 Kandel et al 2020 Emergent crops Global review Average of 6 literature sources 174 1.68 Bianchi et al 2021 Vaccinium spp. Saint-Louis-de-Blandford, 46°15’N, 72°00’W Canada, Quebec Growing season 2012, 2013 Poor Cultivated cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) 27 0.61 Lloyd et al 2019 Maima 58°35′54″N, 24°22′ 36″E Estonia (a) Poor Naturally regenerated cranberry ( Oxycoccus palustris ) − 799 68.5 2.0 Burdun et al 2021 Laiuse 58°47′17″N, 26°31′ 47″E Estonia (a) Poor Naturally regen. Cranberry ( Oxycoccus palustris ) − 837 31.4 − 0.0...…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peatland restoration pathways to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and retain peat carbon

Mander,

Espenberg,

Melling

et al. 2023

Biogeochemistry

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Peatlands play a crucial role in the global carbon (C) cycle, making their restoration a key strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and retaining C. This study analyses the most common restoration pathways employed in boreal and temperate peatlands, potentially applicable in tropical peat swamp forests. Our analysis focuses on the GHG emissions and C retention potential of the restoration measures. To assess the C stock change in restored (rewetted) peatlands and afforested peatlands with continuous drainage, we adopt a conceptual approach that considers short-term C capture (GHG exchange between the atmosphere and the peatland ecosystem) and long-term C sequestration in peat. The primary criterion of our conceptual model is the capacity of restoration measures to capture C and reduce GHG emissions. Our findings indicate that carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most influential part of long-term climate impact of restored peatlands, whereas moderate methane (CH4) emissions and low N2O fluxes are relatively unimportant. However, lateral losses of dissolved and particulate C in water can account up to a half of the total C stock change. Among the restored peatland types, Sphagnum paludiculture showed the highest CO2 capture, followed by shallow lakes and reed/grass paludiculture. Shallow lakeshore vegetation in restored peatlands can reduce CO2 emissions and sequester C but still emit CH4, particularly during the first 20 years after restoration. Our conceptual modelling approach reveals that over a 300-year period, under stable climate conditions, drained bog forests can lose up to 50% of initial C content. In managed (regularly harvested) and continuously drained peatland forests, C accumulation in biomass and litter input does not compensate C losses from peat. In contrast, rewetted unmanaged peatland forests are turning into a persistent C sink. The modelling results emphasized the importance of long-term C balance analysis which considers soil C accumulation, moving beyond the short-term C cycling between vegetation and the atmosphere.

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“…Several Canadian studies indicate that annual vegetable crops have greater N 2 O emission potential than perennial fruit crops. For examples, 79 g N 2 O-N kg -1 fertilizer N for onions was reported by Lloyd et al (2019) from mineral soils and 50 to 804 g N 2 O-N kg -1 fertilizer N for lettuce was reported by Rochette et al (2010) under organic soil; 25 g N 2 O-N kg -1 fertilizer N for blueberries was found by Pow et al (2020);10.4 to 24.8 g N 2 O-N kg -1 fertilizer N for grapes was found by Fentabil et al (2016a), and 3.1 to 12.4 g N 2 O-N kg -1 fertilizer N for apples was reported by Fentabil et al (2016b). Drained organic soils act as a major source of N 2 O emissions mainly due to accelerated rate of organic matter decomposition and mineralization of organic N (Duguet et al 2006); hence, high N 2 O emissions were observed from lettuce grown on organic soils (Rochette et al 2010).…”

Section: Nitrogen Inputs and Use As Related To N 2 O Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from horticultural production systems in Canada

et al. 2021

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Horticultural systems, specifically vegetable production systems, are considered intensive agricultural systems as they are characterized by high nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rate, frequent tillage and irrigation operations. Accordingly, horticultural production in temperate climates is prone to N losses—mainly during post-harvest (during fall and winter) or pre-plant (spring) periods—such as N2O emissions and nitrate leaching. The risk for N losses is linked to low crop N use efficiency (NUE) combined with a narrow C:N and high N content of crop residues. Here we reviewed the studies conducted in Canada and similar climates to better understand the risk of N2O emission and potential agronomic management strategies to reduce N2O emissions from horticultural systems. Current knowledge on N2O emissions from horticultural systems indicate that increasing crop NUE, modifying the amount, type, time, and rate of N fertilizer inputs, and adopting cover crops in crop rotations are some of the effective approaches to decrease N2O emissions. However, there is uncertainty related to the efficiency of the existing N2O mitigation strategies due to the complex interactions between the factors (soil characteristics, type of plant species, climatic conditions, and soil microbial activity) responsible for N2O production from soil. Little research on N2O emissions from Canadian horticultural systems limits our ability to understand and manage the soil N2O production processes to mitigate the risk of N2O emissions. Thus, continuing to expand this line of research will help to advance the sustainability of Canadian horticultural cropping systems.

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Greenhouse gas emissions from selected horticultural production systems in a cold temperate climate

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

CO2 Emissions in Layered Cranberry Soils under Simulated Warming

CO2 Emissions in Layered Cranberry Soils under Simulated Warming

Peatland restoration pathways to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and retain peat carbon

Opportunities to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from horticultural production systems in Canada

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