Greenhouse gas emissions from small-scale fly larvae composting with Hermetia illucens

Ermolaev, Evgheni; Lalander, Cecilia; Vinnerås, Björn

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.07.011

Cited by 80 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Therefore, also studies about the archaeal microbiota are of major importance in the context of large-scale insect farming. Methane emission from BSFL farms is generally low but varies between locations (Ermolaev et al, 2019;Mertenat et al, 2019;Parodi et al, 2020). When BSFL are reared on chicken feed mixed with 0.3% rabbit manure, 28.54% of the carbon initially present within the system is lost to the atmosphere in the form of CO 2 along with negligible amounts of methane (Perednia et al, 2017).…”

Section: The Bsfl Bacterial and Archaeal Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cottonseed Press Cake as a Potential Diet for Industrially Farmed Black Soldier Fly Larvae Triggers Adaptations of Their Bacterial and Fungal Gut Microbiota

et al. 2021

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Black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens, Diptera: Stratiomyidae) are used for the bioconversion of organic side products into valuable compounds such as proteins, lipids and chitin. However, the economic competitiveness of farmed insects compared to conventional protein production systems in agriculture and aquaculture depends on the availability of large quantities of inexpensive insect feed. Cottonseed press cake (CPC) is a side-stream of cotton production that is rich in proteins and lipids but unsuitable as feed for several farmed animals, except ruminants, due to the presence of the anti-nutritional sesquiterpenoid gossypol. Here, we tested CPC as a feed for black soldier fly larvae and studied the impact of this diet on the gut microbiome. Larvae reared on CPC developed normally and even showed a shorter life-cycle, but were smaller at the end of larval development than control larvae reared on chicken feed. The adaptability of the larvae to different diets is mediated by their versatile gut microbiome, which facilitates digestion and detoxification. We therefore used amplicon sequencing to analyze the bacterial and fungal communities associated with larvae reared on each diet, revealing differences between the larval guts and frass (residual feed substrate) as well as differences between the two diet groups. For example, Actinomycetaceae and Aspergillaceae were significantly enriched in guts of the CPC diet group and may help to metabolize compounds such as gossypol. Potentially probiotic yeasts and beneficial Enterobacteriaceae, which presumably belong to the core microbiota, were detected in high relative abundance in the gut and frass, indicating a functional role of these microbes, especially the protection against pathogens. We conclude that CPC may be suitable as an inexpensive and environmentally sustainable feed for the industrial rearing of black soldier flies.

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Section: The Bsfl Bacterial and Archaeal Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cottonseed Press Cake as a Potential Diet for Industrially Farmed Black Soldier Fly Larvae Triggers Adaptations of Their Bacterial and Fungal Gut Microbiota

et al. 2021

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“…The larval biomass is rich in proteins and lipids, and thus, serves as a raw material for various applications within the food system, such as proteins and lipids in feeds for pets (Bosch et al, 2014) and livestock (e.g., fish, poultry, swine) ( Barragán-Fonseca et al, 2017;Wang and Shelomi, 2017), and processing of the larval exoskeleton into chitosan (Hahn et al, 2019). Next to this recycling of waste nutrients, according to circular economy principles (Cappellozza et al, 2019), waste treatment by BSFL (Ermolaev et al, 2019;Mertenat et al, 2019;Pang et al, 2020) and animal feed products (Smetana et al, 2016(Smetana et al, , 2019 with BSFL can have lower environmental impact than the status quo (i.e., composting and commercial feed ingredients such as fish meal).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Bacteria in Two Food Waste Black Soldier Fly Larvae Rearing Residues

et al. 2020

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Significant economic, environmental, and social impacts are associated with the avoidable disposal of foods worldwide. Mass-rearing of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae using organic wastes and food- and agro-industry side products is promising for recycling resources within the food system. One current challenge of this approach is ensuring a reliable and high conversion performance of larvae with inherently variable substrates. Research has been devoted to increasing rearing performance by optimizing substrate nutrient contents and ratios, while the potential of the substrate and larval gut microbiota to increase rearing performance remains untapped. Since previous research has focused on gut microbiota, here, we describe bacterial dynamics in the residue (i.e., the mixture of frass and substrate) of black soldier fly larvae reared on two food wastes (i.e., canteen and household waste). To identify members of the substrate and residue microbiota, potentially associated with rearing performance, bacterial dynamics were also studied in the canteen waste without larvae, and after inactivation by irradiation of the initial microbiota in canteen waste. The food waste substrates had similar microbiota; both were dominated by common lactic acid bacteria. Inactivation of the canteen waste microbiota, which was dominated by Leuconostoc, Bacillus, and Staphylococcus, decreased the levels of all rearing performance indicators by 31–46% relative to canteen waste with the native microbiota. In both food waste substrates, larval rearing decreased the bacterial richness and changed the physicochemical residue properties and composition over the rearing period of 12 days, and typical members of the larval intestinal microbiota (i.e., Providencia, Dysgonomonas, Morganella, and Proteus) became more abundant, suggesting their transfer into the residue through excretions. Future studies should isolate members of these taxa and elucidate their true potential to influence black soldier fly mass-rearing performance.

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“…The black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens L.; Diptera: Stratiomyidae) is considered one of the insect species with great potential for large-scale production as a feed and food ingredient (Nguyen et al, 2015). BSF larvae have a high nutritional value, and low emission of greenhouse gases and ammonia (Barragan-Fonseca et al, 2017;Ermolaev et al, 2019;Mertenat et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical food safety of using former foodstuffs for rearing black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) for feed and food use

Fels‐Klerx

Meijer

Nijkamp

et al. 2020

JIFF

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Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) larvae is considered one of the insect species with great potential for large-scale production as feed and food. For this to become economically feasible and to contribute to a circular economy, BSF larvae should be reared on substrates with little or no alternative use for feed and food production. One such class of alternative substrate sources consists of former food products. However, BSF larvae may accumulate chemical contaminants from the substrate, which may originate from the foodstuff and/or the packaging materials. This study aimed to investigate the possible presence of chemical contaminants in BSF larvae being reared on former foodstuff substrates at both laboratory and industrial scale. Four experimental treatments were set up: with meat or vegetarian, and containing between 3-6% of either plastic or paperboard carton packaging material. Four-day old BSF larvae were reared for seven days on these substrates. Concentrations of heavy metals, mineral oil hydrocarbons, dioxins and PCBs, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined in the substrate, residual material, and the larvae. Results suggest that BSF larvae can be reared on former food products containing traces of packaging materials, without negative effects on their growth or survival. Bio-accumulation was observed for most of the tested contaminants, in particular for mineral oils and cadmium, which had a bio-accumulation rate of, respectively, about five and 20. However, none of the concentrations of the analysed contaminants in the substrate and the larvae exceeded the respective legal limits in the EU. Results of this pilot study were promising. As a next step, more different former food products should be investigated in future research.

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Greenhouse gas emissions from small-scale fly larvae composting with Hermetia illucens

Cited by 80 publications

References 28 publications

Cottonseed Press Cake as a Potential Diet for Industrially Farmed Black Soldier Fly Larvae Triggers Adaptations of Their Bacterial and Fungal Gut Microbiota

Cottonseed Press Cake as a Potential Diet for Industrially Farmed Black Soldier Fly Larvae Triggers Adaptations of Their Bacterial and Fungal Gut Microbiota

Identification of Bacteria in Two Food Waste Black Soldier Fly Larvae Rearing Residues

Chemical food safety of using former foodstuffs for rearing black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) for feed and food use

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