Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wastewater Treatment Plants

Parravicini, Vanessa; Svardal, K.; Krampe, Jörg

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2016.10.067

Cited by 145 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A large-scale transition in this direction requires significant investments, usually possible only for new plants or major overhauls (and primarily for plants larger than 50 000 PE), and should be placed in a broader context. Biogas production for heat and power generation is a great opportunity (Maktabifard et al 2018), but may not be always a win-win option, because the GHG footprint of a plant with anaerobic digestion can be larger than a traditional plant (Daelman et al 2012, Lorenzo-Toja et al 2016, Parravicini et al 2016. With the progress of electricity decarbonisation in the EU, especially in certain countries, electricity from WWT may turn to have a higher carbon footprint than grid electricity, and biogas remains attractive only as an alternative to more impacting fossil fuels, while other treatments of sludge (including aerobic stabilization or incineration) may become preferable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities to improve energy use in urban wastewater treatment: a European-scale analysis

Ganora

Hospido

Husemann³

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Wastewater treatment is an essential public service that has a major impact on energy use in the urban water cycle, thus receiving increasing attention in context of the Water-Energy Nexus. Understanding the current energy use for wastewater is an essential step to design reliable policies promoting a more efficient use of resources. This paper develops a pan European estimation of electricity use for the treatment of wastewater, based on a dataset of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) across the continent. Prediction of electricity use has been performed using a statistical model that accounts for economies of scale. Different scenarios of improvements of energy use efficiency have been investigated to understand the possible reductions in electricity consumption at the continental scale. The overall WWTP electricity use in Europe (only plants with no less than 2000 population equivalent (PE) have been considered) was estimated at 24 747 GWh yr −1 , about the 0.8% of the electricity consumption in the EU-28. Small plants (less than 50 000 PE) represent almost 90% of the total number of plants, but process only 31% of the PE and require 42% of electricity use. Plants from mid to very large size (more than 50 000 PE), being only 10% of the plants, process about 70% of the PE with 58% of the total electricity use. If all plants that use more than the current average were shifted to the average value, the saving would be slightly more than 5500 GWh yr −1 . With highly stringent targets of efficiency improvement, saving of about 13 500 GWh yr −1 could be expected. Further considerations on the emerging role of WWTPs as energy and material producer are finally discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities to improve energy use in urban wastewater treatment: a European-scale analysis

Ganora

Hospido

Husemann³

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…The methodology followed five main stages reflecting the scopes of this research, the methodology followed is summarized in Figure 1. the heating caused by the specific GHG over a specific time interval and heating caused over the same period by an equal amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) [17], which is used as reference gas and usually expressed as equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2-e) [18]. All over this paper, the term CFP is used to refer to GHG emissions of building materials during the processes of production, on-site construction, transportation and disposal.…”

Section: Carbon Footprint Of Base Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The global warming potential (GWP) of GHGs is the ratio between the heating caused by the specific GHG over a specific time interval and heating caused over the same period by an equal amount of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) [17], which is used as reference gas and usually expressed as equivalent carbon dioxide (CO 2 -e) [18].…”

Section: Carbon Footprint Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Link between Low Carbon Reductions Strategies and Its Performance in the Context of Climate Change: A Carbon Footprint of a Wood-Frame Residential Building in Quebec, Canada

2018

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Abstract:The design and study of low carbon buildings is a major concern in a modern economy due to high carbon emissions produced by buildings and its effects on climate change. Studies have investigated (CFP) Carbon Footprint of buildings, but there remains a need for a strong analysis that measure and quantify the overall degree of GHG emissions reductions and its relationship with the effect on climate change mitigation. This study evaluates the potential of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the building sector by evaluating the (CFP) of four hotpots approaches defined in line with commonly carbon reduction strategies, also known as mitigation strategies. CFP framework is applied to compare the (CC) climate change impact of mitigation strategies. A multi-story timber residential construction in Quebec City (Canada) was chosen as a baseline scenario. This building has been designed with the idea of being a reference of sustainable development application in the building sector. In this scenario, the production of materials and construction (assembly, waste management and transportation) were evaluated. A CFP that covers eight actions divided in four low carbon strategies, including: low carbon materials, material minimization, reuse and recycle materials and adoption of local sources and use of biofuels were evaluated. The results of this study shows that the used of prefabricated technique in buildings is an alternative to reduce the CFP of buildings in the context of Quebec. The CC decreases per m 2 floor area in baseline scenario is up to 25% than current buildings. If the benefits of low carbon strategies are included, the timber structures can generate 38% lower CC than the original baseline scenario. The investigation recommends that CO 2 eq emissions reduction in the design and implementation of residential constructions as climate change mitigation is perfectly feasible by following different working strategies. It is concluded that if the four strategies were implemented in current buildings they would have environmental benefits by reducing its CFP. The reuse wood wastes into production of particleboard has the greatest environmental benefit due to temporary carbon storage.

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“…where: , -indexes (from 1 to ); -original independent variable along with its normalization factors -mean , and standard deviation ; 1 -vector of ones; ′ -normalized independent variable; -j-th principal component; -linear coefficients of PCA transformation Due to the aforementioned normalization, the total variance (sum of variable variances) of the transformed dataset is equal to its dimensionality (5). Each additional PC, given the previous ones, is a direction that is orthogonal to them and maximizes the remaining variability of the transformed dataset.…”

Section: Statistical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the environmental issue should be taken into consideration. Parravicini et al [5] state that in two analyzed models of municipal wastewater treatment plants, electric energy consumption was responsible for even 59.9% of the facility's total carbon footprint. It has encouraged the authors to make an attempt at creating a mathematical model of electric energy consumption during dairy sewage pretreatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy consumption modeling during dairy sewage pretreatment

Dąbrowski¹,

Żyłka²,

Malinowski³

et al. 2017

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract.The research was conducted in a dairy WWTP located in northeastern Poland with the average flow of 546 m 3 d -1 and PE 11500 in 2016. Energy consumption was measured with the help of Lumel 3-phase network parameter transducers installed within the plant. The modeling was conducted based on the quantity and quality of raw sewage, after its screening, averaging and dissolved air flotation. The following parameters were determined: BOD5, COD, N-total and P-total. During the research period, 15 measurement series were carried out. Pollution loads removed in primary treatment varied from 167.0 to 803.5 kgO2d -1 and 1205.9 to 10032 kgO2d -1 for BOD5 and COD respectively. The energy consumption share during dairy pretreatment in relation to the total energy consumption was in the range from 13.8 to 28.5% with the mean value of 18.7% during the research period. Energy consumption indicators relating to removed pollution loads for primary treatment were established with the mean values of 0.74 and 0.83 kWhkg -1 d -1 for BOD5 and COD respectively. An attempt was made to determine the influence of raw sewage characteristics and pretreatment efficiency on energy consumption of the object. A model of energy consumption during pretreatment was estimated according to the experimental data obtained in the research period. It was modeled using the linear regression model and principal component analysis.

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Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wastewater Treatment Plants

Cited by 145 publications

References 11 publications

Opportunities to improve energy use in urban wastewater treatment: a European-scale analysis

Opportunities to improve energy use in urban wastewater treatment: a European-scale analysis

Evaluating the Link between Low Carbon Reductions Strategies and Its Performance in the Context of Climate Change: A Carbon Footprint of a Wood-Frame Residential Building in Quebec, Canada

Energy consumption modeling during dairy sewage pretreatment

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