Greenhouse gas emissions in natural and managed peatlands of America: Case studies along a latitudinal gradient

Veber, Gert; Kull, Ain; Villa, Jorge A.; Maddison, Martin; Paal, Jaanus; Oja, Tõnu; Iturraspe, Rodolfo Javier; Pärn, Jaan; Teemusk, Alar; Mander, Ülo

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.06.068

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Second, as soil O 2 concentrations were only measured at three of the five sampling stations in each longer-term plot, the apparently important role of hotspots in these soils may not have been fully captured by these measurements. Along with the observation by Veber et al [20], that peatlands in the Colombian paramo also act as sources of atmospheric CH 4 with median rates of emission up to 55 mg CH 4 -C m −2 d −1 , these data suggest that wet and humid paramo and puna ecosystems function as regional hotspots for CH 4 emission when compared to sink activity reported for other Andean and Western Amazonian upland environments. For example, studies in Ecuador [79] and Peru [69] have demonstrated that montane and premontane forests on the eastern flank of the Andes are net sinks for atmospheric CH 4 on the order of −0.2 to −1.5 mg CH 4 -C m −2 d −1 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Such elements include transport by wetland trees [10,11], emissions from wet upland soils [12][13][14], abiotic degradation of foliar pectin [15,16], and the function of cryptic environments like the leaf axes of canopy epiphytes [17]. In this context, the highlands of the tropical Andes are of particular interest as the presence of organic-rich mineral soils and peatlands in high altitude montane ecosystems potentially represent a poorly documented, but significant component, of the tropical South American CH 4 budget [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methane Emissions from a Grassland-Wetland Complex in the Southern Peruvian Andes

et al. 2018

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Wet organic-rich mineral and peat soils in the tropical Andes represent a potentially significant, but little studied, source of methane to the atmosphere. Here we report the results of field and laboratory measurements of soil–atmosphere methane exchange and associated environmental variables from freely draining upland and inundation prone wetland soils in a humid puna ecosystem in the Southeastern Andes of Peru. Between seasons and across the landscape soil–atmosphere exchange varied between uptake and emission. Notable hotspots of methane emission, peaking during the wet season, were observed from both upland and wetland soils with particularly strong emissions from moss-accumulating topographic lows. This variability was best explained by the influence of oxygen concentration on methane production in superficial soil horizons.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane Emissions from a Grassland-Wetland Complex in the Southern Peruvian Andes

et al. 2018

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“…Notably, there are varying results on how N addition affects CH 4 uptake from tropical forest soils. For instance, Veldkamp et al (2013) found no effect of N on CH 4 uptake, while Du et al (2019) measured reduced CH 4 consumption following the addition of N to a tropical forest, with the latter study suggesting an inhibitory effect of N on CH 4 uptake (Bodelier and Steenbergh, 2014;Seghers et al, 2003;Zhang et al, 2011). Aronson and Helliker (2010) argue that the observed differences in the measured CH 4 fluxes in the two separate studies were likely due to the different amounts of N added in the respective experimental setups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Nutrient limitations regulate soil greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical forests: evidence from an ecosystem-scale nutrient manipulation experiment in Uganda

Tamale

Hüppi

Griepentrog

et al. 2021

SOIL

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Abstract. Soil macronutrient availability is one of the abiotic controls that alters the exchange of greenhouse gases (GHGs) between the soil and the atmosphere in tropical forests. However, evidence on the macronutrient regulation of soil GHG fluxes from central African tropical forests is still lacking, limiting our understanding of how these biomes could respond to potential future increases in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition. The aim of this study was to disentangle the regulation effect of soil nutrients on soil GHG fluxes from a Ugandan tropical forest reserve in the context of increasing N and P deposition. Therefore, a large-scale nutrient manipulation experiment (NME), based on 40 m×40 m plots with different nutrient addition treatments (N, P, N + P, and control), was established in the Budongo Central Forest Reserve. Soil carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes were measured monthly, using permanently installed static chambers, for 14 months. Total soil CO2 fluxes were partitioned into autotrophic and heterotrophic components through a root trenching treatment. In addition, soil temperature, soil water content, and nitrates were measured in parallel to GHG fluxes. N addition (N and N + P) resulted in significantly higher N2O fluxes in the transitory phase (0–28 d after fertilization; p<0.01) because N fertilization likely increased soil N beyond the microbial immobilization and plant nutritional demands, leaving the excess to be nitrified or denitrified. Prolonged N fertilization, however, did not elicit a significant response in background (measured more than 28 d after fertilization) N2O fluxes. P fertilization marginally and significantly increased transitory (p=0.05) and background (p=0.01) CH4 consumption, probably because it enhanced methanotrophic activity. The addition of N and P (N + P) resulted in larger CO2 fluxes in the transitory phase (p=0.01), suggesting a possible co-limitation of both N and P on soil respiration. Heterotrophic (microbial) CO2 effluxes were significantly higher than the autotrophic (root) CO2 effluxes (p<0.01) across all treatment plots, with microbes contributing about two-thirds of the total soil CO2 effluxes. However, neither heterotrophic nor autotrophic respiration significantly differed between treatments. The results from this study suggest that the feedback of tropical forests to the global soil GHG budget could be disproportionately altered by increases in N and P availability over these biomes.

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“…However, the meta-analysis of Pärn et al [43] was proved that soil NO 3 − was the strongest predictor of N 2 O flux at a global scale, explaining 60% of the variation in N 2 O flux. Similarly, Veber et al [44] showed that emissions of N 2 O were most affected by environmental conditions related to soil NO 3 − concentration (43.4%), as because NO 3 − concentration favors denitrification, potentially favoring N 2 O production [45]. There are high spatial heterogeneities of main N2O controls, in site scale.…”

Section: Key Spatial Controls Vary At Different Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude and Edaphic Controls of Nitrous Oxide Fluxes in Natural Forests at Different Scales

Zhang

et al. 2020

Forests

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Forest nitrous oxide (N2O) emission plays an important role in the greenhouse gas budget of forest ecosystems. However, spatial variability in N2O fluxes complicates the determination of key factors of N2O fluxes at different scales. Based on an updated database of N2O fluxes and the main edaphic factors of global forests, the magnitude of N2O fluxes from forests and the relationships between edaphic factors and N2O fluxes at different scales were analyzed. According to the results, the average annual N2O flux of the global forest was 142.91 ± 14.1 mg N m−2 year−1. The range of total forest estimated N2O emission was 4.45–4.69 Tg N in 2000. N2O fluxes from forests with different leaf traits (broadleaved and coniferous) have significant differences in magnitude, whereas the leaf habit (evergreen and deciduous) was an important characteristic reflecting different patterns of N2O seasonal variations. The main factors affecting N2O fluxes on the global scale were ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) concentrations. With an increasing scale (from the site scale to the regional scale to the global scale), the explanatory power of the five edaphic factors to N2O flux decreased gradually. In addition, the response curves of N2O flux to edaphic factors were diversified among different scales. At both the global and regional scales, soil hydrothermal condition (water filled pore space (WFPS) and soil temperature) might not be the main spatial regulation for N2O fluxes, whereas soil nutrient factors (particularly NO3− concentration) could contribute more on N2O flux spatial variations. The results of site-control analysis demonstrated that there were high spatial heterogeneity of the main N2O controls, showing N2O fluxes from low latitude forests being more likely associated with soil WFPS and temperature. Thus, our findings provide valuable insights into the regulatory edaphic factors underlying the variability in N2O emissions, when modeling at different scales.

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Greenhouse gas emissions in natural and managed peatlands of America: Case studies along a latitudinal gradient

Cited by 27 publications

References 71 publications

Methane Emissions from a Grassland-Wetland Complex in the Southern Peruvian Andes

Methane Emissions from a Grassland-Wetland Complex in the Southern Peruvian Andes

Nutrient limitations regulate soil greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical forests: evidence from an ecosystem-scale nutrient manipulation experiment in Uganda

Magnitude and Edaphic Controls of Nitrous Oxide Fluxes in Natural Forests at Different Scales

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