Greenhouse gas fluxes from an Australian subtropical cropland under long‐term contrasting management regimes

Wang, Weijin; Dalal, Ram C.; Reeves, Steven; Butterbach‐Bahl, Klaus; Kiese, Ralf

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02458.x

Cited by 121 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…This was expected to give more temporally representative data for estimating the N 2 O emission factor of fertiliser N under normal fertilisation practices. Each automatic chamber (Wang et al 2011) consisted of a stainless steel base that was identical to the manual chamber base, an extension (30 cm high) and a cover box (30 cm high) with stainless steel frames and two lids on the top panel that could be opened and closed automatically at preset intervals. Placement and management of the chamber bases were similar to those described above for the manual chambers.…”

Section: Measurement Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Placement and management of the chamber bases were similar to those described above for the manual chambers. Air samples were automatically extracted from the headspace of the chamber into a gas chromatograph fitted with ECD and FID detectors (SRI 8610C, SRI Instruments, CA, USA) that analysed the concentrations of N 2 O and CH 4 simultaneously (Wang et al 2011). Measurements with the automatic chambers continued after sugarcane harvest until 4 October 2013.…”

Section: Measurement Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The manual chambers (Wang et al 2011) consisted of a square stainless steel base (50 cm W Â 50 cm L Â 15 cm H) and a cover box with aluminium frames covered with white plastic panels (50 cm L Â 50 cm W Â 55 cm H). The cover box was fitted with a sampling outlet in the middle of the top panel, a mini fan inside the top panel for mixing the air, and a closed-cell foam seal at the bottom.…”

Section: Measurement Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gas sampling with the manual chamber method concluded at sugarcane harvest. The gas samples were analysed in the laboratory with a gas chromatograph (Varian CP-3800, Varian Inc., Middelburgh, The Netherlands) for N 2 O concentrations as described by Wang et al (2011). Automatic gas sampling chambers were used to measure greenhouse gas fluxes at a sub-daily frequency (10 samplings per day).…”

Section: Measurement Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hourly emission rates during the chamber closure period were calculated from the increase of gas concentration in the headspace (Wang et al 2011). Daily emission rates for the automatic chamber measurements were estimated by multiplying the averages of all hourly emission rates for that day by 24.…”

Section: Data Processing and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrous oxide emission and fertiliser nitrogen efficiency in a tropical sugarcane cropping system applied with different formulations of urea

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from sugarcane cropped soils are usually high compared with those from other arable lands. Nitrogen-efficient management strategies are needed to mitigate N 2 O emissions from sugarcane farming whilst maintaining productivity and profitability. A year-long field experiment was conducted in wet tropical Australia to assess the efficacy of polymer-coated urea (PCU) and nitrification inhibitor (3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate)-coated urea (NICU). Emissions of N 2 O were measured using manual and automatic gas sampling chambers in combination. The nitrogen (N) release from PCU continued for >5-6 months, and lower soil NO 3 -contents were recorded for !3 months in the NICU treatments compared with the conventional urea treatments. The annual cumulative N 2 O emissions were high, amounting to 11.4-18.2 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 . In contrast to findings in most other cropping systems, there were no significant differences in annual N 2 O emissions between treatments with different urea formulations and application rates (0, 100 and 140 kg N ha -1 ). Daily variation in N 2 O emissions at this site was driven predominantly by rainfall. Urea formulations did not significantly affect sugarcane or sugar yield at the same N application rate. Decreasing fertiliser application rate from the recommended 140 kg N ha -1 to 100 kg N ha -1 led to a decrease in sugar yield by 1.3 t ha -1 and 2.2 t ha -1 for the conventional urea and PCU treatments, respectively, but no yield loss occurred for the NICU treatment. Crop N uptake also declined at the reduced N application rate with conventional urea, but not with the PCU and NICU. These results demonstrated that substituting NICU for conventional urea may substantially decrease fertiliser N application from the normal recommended rates whilst causing no yield loss or N deficiency to the crop. Further studies are required to investigate the optimal integrated fertiliser management strategies for sugarcane production, particularly choice of products and application time and rates, in relation to site and seasonal conditions.

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Section: Measurement Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Processing and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrous oxide emission and fertiliser nitrogen efficiency in a tropical sugarcane cropping system applied with different formulations of urea

et al. 2016

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Net ecosystem methane and carbon dioxide exchanges in a Lake Erie coastal marsh and a nearby cropland

et al. 2014

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Net ecosystem carbon dioxide (F CO2 ) and methane (F CH4 ) exchanges were measured by using the eddy covariance method to quantify the atmospheric carbon budget at a Typha-and Nymphaea-dominated freshwater marsh (March 2011 to March 2013) and a soybean cropland (May 2011 to May 2012) in northwestern Ohio, USA. Two year average annual F CH4 (49.7 g C-CH 4 m À2 yr À1) from the marsh was high and compatible with its net annual CO 2 uptake (F CO2 : À21.0 g C-CO 2 m À2 yr À1). In contrast, F CH4 was small (2.3 g C-CH 4 m À2 yr À1) and accounted for a minor portion of the atmospheric carbon budget (F CO2 : À151.8 g C-CO 2 m À2 yr À1) at the cropland. At the seasonal scale, soil temperature associated with methane (CH 4 ) production provided the dominant regulator of F CH4 at the marsh (R 2 = 0.86). At the diurnal scale, plant-modulated gas flow was the major pathway for CH 4 outgassing in the growing season at the marsh. Diffusion and ebullition became the major pathways in the nongrowing season and were regulated by friction velocity. Our findings highlight the importance of freshwater marshes for their efficiency in turning over and releasing newly fixed carbon as CH 4 . Despite marshes accounting for only~4% of area in the agriculture-dominated landscape, their high F CH4 should be carefully addressed in the regional carbon budget.

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Nitrous oxide emissions from cultivated black soil: A case study in Northeast China and global estimates using empirical model

Chen

Ding

Luo

et al. 2014

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Manure application is effective in promoting soil carbon sequestration, but its impact on N2O emission is not well understood. A field experiment was conducted in a maize‐cultivated black soil in Northeast China with six treatments: inorganic fertilizer (NPK), 75% inorganic fertilizer N plus 25% pig (PM1) or chicken (CM1) manure N, 50% inorganic fertilizer N plus 50% pig (PM2) or chicken (CM2) manure N, and no N fertilizer (CK). Annual N2O emission significantly increased from 0.34 kg N ha−1 for CK to 0.86 kg N ha−1 for NPK and further to 1.65, 1.02, 1.17, and 0.93 kg N ha−1 for PM1, CM1, PM2, and CM2, respectively. A 15N tracing study showed that 71–79% of total N2O was related to nitrification at 30–70% water‐filled pore space (WFPS), and heterotrophic nitrification contributed 49% and 25% to total N2O at 30% and 70% WFPS, respectively. In an incubation, N2O emission was only stimulated when nitrate and glucose were applied together at 60% WFPS, indicating that denitrification was carbon limited. PM had a stronger effect on denitrification than CM due to higher decomposability, and the lower N2O emission at higher manure application rate was associated with decreased mineral N supply. After compiling a worldwide database and establishing an empirical model that related N2O emissions (kg N ha−1) to precipitation (Pr, m) and fertilizer N application rate (Nr, kg N ha−1) (N2O = 1.533Pr + 0.0238PrNr), annual N2O emission from global‐cultivated black soil applied with inorganic fertilizer N was estimated as 347 Gg N. Our results suggested that N2O emission from cultivated black soils in China was low primarily due to low precipitation and labile organic carbon availability, and would be stimulated by manure application; thus, increased N2O emission should be taken into consideration as applying manure increases soil organic carbon sequestration.

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Greenhouse gas fluxes from an Australian subtropical cropland under long‐term contrasting management regimes

Cited by 121 publications

References 46 publications

Nitrous oxide emission and fertiliser nitrogen efficiency in a tropical sugarcane cropping system applied with different formulations of urea

Nitrous oxide emission and fertiliser nitrogen efficiency in a tropical sugarcane cropping system applied with different formulations of urea

Net ecosystem methane and carbon dioxide exchanges in a Lake Erie coastal marsh and a nearby cropland

Nitrous oxide emissions from cultivated black soil: A case study in Northeast China and global estimates using empirical model

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