Greenhouse gas fluxes in varying soils types under conventional and no-tillage practices

Regina, Kristiina; Alakukku, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.still.2010.05.009

Cited by 142 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Highest N 2 O fluxes typically occur at water-filled pore space in the range of 60-80%. The emissions of N 2 O from 6 contrasting soils was strongly correlated with the total C and N contents of the 0-20 cm layer six contrasting soils in Finland (Regina and Alakukku (2010) which may explain higher N 2 O fluxes from no-till soils. Six et al (2004) observed increased N 2 O emissions only during the first 10 years of no-till followed by a decrease after 20 years.…”

Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These effects, in contrast to the above, have the potential for mineral N content to be higher with less nitrate leaching under no-till giving rise to greater N efficiency, and suggesting that after several years of no-till such soils may need less N fertilisation than ploughed soils (Regina and Alakukku, 2010). However, urea applied to the surface of no-till soils was found to result in rapid and considerable volatilization of ammonia ).…”

Section: Crop Responses To Soil Nutrients With No-tillmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Another example of increased CO 2 efflux under no-till (Table 8) was observed by Yamulki and Jarvis (2002), though they offered no explanation for the difference between tillage treatments. In Table 9 the periods of measurement are mostly quite short so that flux variation at different periods of the crop cycle may not be fully reported in contrast to the studies reported by Regina and Alakukku (2010) who measured CO 2 and N 2 O fluxes during a 10-month period at approximately monthly intervals. (2002) Considerable variability of CO 2 emissions has been found in Finland where Regina and Alakukku (2010) report higher fluxes with no-till than with ploughing at 2 out of 6 sites while at one site the opposite effect was found and no differences were observed at 3 sites, with CO 2 emissions being strongly correlated with total C and N and mineral N. There are, therefore, no consistent effects of tillage on CO 2 emissions, these being related to water content, climate and the amount, type and stratification of organic matter.…”

Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Of these, soil moisture status is probably the most important (Ball et al, 2008;Rochette, 2008;Almaraz et al, 2009). The higher moisture content and reduced aeration under no-till, especially after rainfall on heavier poorly drained soils in northern Europe, leads to greater denitrification and emission of N 2 O than under ploughing (Christian and Ball, 1994;Vinten et al, 2002;Oorts et al, 2007b;Ball et al, 2008;Regina and Alakukku, 2010), while very wet soils favour the reduction of N 2 O to N 2 . Highest N 2 O fluxes typically occur at water-filled pore space in the range of 60-80%.…”

Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect might be attributable to slow changes resulting in the improvement of internal structure and drainage of no-till soils. Increased N 2 O formation in no-till soils may also be associated with higher numbers of earthworms since the gas is formed in their intestine (Regina and Alakukku, 2010).…”

Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

No-till in northern, western and south-western Europe: A review of problems and opportunities for crop production and the environment

Soane¹,

Ball²,

Arvidsson³

et al. 2012

Soil and Tillage Research

637

501

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Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Crop Responses To Soil Nutrients With No-tillmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

No-till in northern, western and south-western Europe: A review of problems and opportunities for crop production and the environment

Soane¹,

Ball²,

Arvidsson³

et al. 2012

Soil and Tillage Research

637

501

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effects of Climatic Conditions and Management Practices on Agricultural Carbon and Water Budgets in the Inland Pacific Northwest USA

et al. 2017

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Cropland is an important land cover influencing global carbon and water cycles. Variability of agricultural carbon and water fluxes depends on crop species, management practices, soil characteristics, and climatic conditions. In the context of climate change, it is critical to quantify the long‐term effects of these environmental drivers and farming activities on carbon and water dynamics. Twenty site‐years of carbon and water fluxes covering a large precipitation gradient and a variety of crop species and management practices were measured in the inland Pacific Northwest using the eddy covariance method. The rain‐fed fields were net carbon sinks, while the irrigated site was close to carbon neutral during the winter wheat crop years. Sites growing spring crops were either carbon sinks, sources, or neutral, varying with crops, rainfall zones, and tillage practices. Fluxes were more sensitive to variability in precipitation than temperature: annual carbon and water fluxes increased with the increasing precipitation while only respiration increased with temperature in the high‐rainfall area. Compared to a nearby rain‐fed site, irrigation improved winter wheat production but resulted in large losses of carbon and water to the atmosphere. Compared to conventional tillage, no‐till had significantly lower respiration but resulted in slightly lower yields and water use efficiency over 4 years. Under future climate change, it is expected that more carbon fixation by crops and evapotranspiration would occur in a warmer and wetter environment.

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The effect of nitrogen fertilization and no‐till duration on soil nitrogen supply power and post–spring thaw greenhouse‐gas emissions

Hangs

Schoenau

Lafond

2013

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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With a world population now > 7 billion, it is imperative to conserve the arable land base, which is increasingly being leveraged by global demands for producing food, feed, fiber, fuel, and facilities (i.e., infra-structure needs). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of varying fertilizer-N rates on soil N availability, mineralization, and CO 2 and N 2 O emissions of soils collected at adjacent locations with contrasting management histories: native prairie, short-term (10 y), and long-term (32 y) no-till continuous-cropping systems receiving five fertilizer-N rates (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha -1 ) for the previous 9 y on the same plots. Intact soil cores were collected from each site after snowmelt, maintained at field capacity, and incubated at 20°C for 6 weeks. Weekly assessments of soil nutrient availability along with CO 2 and N 2 O emissions were completed. There was no difference in cumulative soil N supply between the unfertilized longterm no-till and native prairie soils, while annual fertilizer-N additions of 120 kg N ha -1 were required to restore the N-supplying power of the short-term no-till soil to that of the undisturbed native prairie soil. The estimated cumulative CO 2 -C and N 2 O-N emissions among soils ranged from 231.8-474.7 g m -2 to 183.9-862.5 mg m -2 , respectively. Highest CO 2 fluxes from the native prairie soil are consistent with its high organic matter content, elevated microbial activity, and contributions from root respiration. Repeated applications of ≥ 60 kg N ha -1 resulted in greater residual inorganic-N levels in the long-term no-till soil, which supported larger N 2 O fluxes compared to the unfertilized control. The native prairie soil N 2 O emissions were equal to those from both short-and long-term no-till soils receiving repeated fertilizer-N applications at typical agronomic rates (e.g., 90 kg N ha -1 ). Eighty-eight percent of the native soil N 2 O flux was emitted during the first 2 weeks and is probably characteristic of rapid denitrification rates during the dormant vegetative period after snowmelt within temperate native grasslands. There was a strong correlation (R 2 0.64; p < 0.03) between measured soil Fe-supply rate and N 2 O flux, presumably due to anoxic microsites within soil aggregates resulting from increased microbial activity. The use of modern no-till continuous diversified cropping systems, along with application of fertilizer N, enhances the soil N-supplying power over the long-term through the build-up of mineralizable N and appears to be an effective management strategy for improving degraded soils, thus enhancing the productive capacity of agricultural ecosystems. However, accounting for N 2 O emissions concomitant with repeated fertilizer-N applications is imperative for properly assessing the net global warming potential of any land-management system.

show abstract

Greenhouse gas fluxes in varying soils types under conventional and no-tillage practices

Cited by 142 publications

References 47 publications

No-till in northern, western and south-western Europe: A review of problems and opportunities for crop production and the environment

No-till in northern, western and south-western Europe: A review of problems and opportunities for crop production and the environment

Effects of Climatic Conditions and Management Practices on Agricultural Carbon and Water Budgets in the Inland Pacific Northwest USA

The effect of nitrogen fertilization and no‐till duration on soil nitrogen supply power and post–spring thaw greenhouse‐gas emissions

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