Greenhouse gas reduction and cost efficiency of using wood flooring as an alternative to ceramic tile: A case study in China

Geng, Aixin; Zhang, Han; Yang, Hongqiang

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.058

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Also Suter et al (2017) determined a close to zero DF for insulation materials. Authors of two journal articles (Knauf et al 2015;Geng et al 2017b) estimated, unlike Rüter et al (2016) that the use of wood-based flooring in place of flooring materials such as laminate and ceramics would decrease fossil GHG emissions.…”

Section: Displacement Factors For Construction Substitutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wood substitution potential in greenhouse gas emission reduction–review on current state and application of displacement factors

et al. 2021

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Background Replacing non-renewable materials and energy with wood offers a potential strategy to mitigate climate change if the net emissions of ecosystem and technosystem are reduced in a considered time period. Displacement factors (DFs) describe an emission reduction for a wood-based product or fuel which is used in place of a non-wood alternative. The aims of this review were to map and assess DFs from scientific literature and to provide findings on how to harmonise practices behind them and to support coherent application. Results Most of the reviewed DFs were positive, implying decreasing fossil GHG emissions in the technosystem. The vast majority of the reviewed DFs describe avoided fossil emissions either both in processing and use of wood or only in the latter when wood processing emissions were considered separately. Some of the reviewed DFs included emissions avoided in post-use of harvested wood products (HWPs). Changes in forest and product carbon stocks were not included in DFs except in a few single cases. However, in most of the reviewed studies they were considered separately in a consistent way along with DFs. DFs for wood energy, construction and material substitution were widely available, whereas DFs for packaging products, chemicals and textiles were scarce. More than half of DFs were calculated by the authors of the reviewed articles while the rest of them were adopted from other articles. Conclusions Most of the reviewed DFs describe the avoided fossil GHG emissions. These DFs may provide insights on the wood-based products with a potential to replace emissions intensive alternatives but they do not reveal the actual climate change mitigation effects of wood use. The way DFs should be applied and interpreted depends on what has been included in them. If the aim of DFs is to describe the overall climate effects of wood use, DFs should include all the relevant GHG flows, including changes in forest and HWP carbon stock and post-use of HWPs, however, based on this literature review this is not a common practice. DFs including only fossil emissions should be applied together with a coherent assessment of changes in forest and HWP carbon stocks, as was the case in most of the reviewed studies. To increase robustness and transparency and to decrease misuse, we recommend that system boundaries and other assumptions behind DFs should be clearly documented.

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Section: Displacement Factors For Construction Substitutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nepal et al (2016) included changes in forest carbon stock due to harvest of energy wood in DFs. Geng et al (2017b) included HWP carbon stock as offset emissions in the DFs in their basis scenario. In most of the studies changes in forest and HWP carbon stocks were considered separately.…”

Section: Displacement Factors In the Scientific Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Wood substitution potential in greenhouse gas emission reduction–review on current state and application of displacement factors

et al. 2021

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“…These underdeveloped regions inevitably consume more energy, produce more carbon emissions, and export more ECE to developed regions. In addition, almost all developed provinces have reached a technological plateau in terms of CER methods [22], which means that further improvements of technology in these provinces are unlikely to be significant, and the cost of further CER will increase considerably [57]. Underdeveloped provinces, on the other hand, have a relatively larger potential CER and lower CER cost than developed provinces.…”

Section: Comparison Between the Allocation Plan Proposed In This Papementioning

confidence: 99%

Provincial Carbon Emissions Reduction Allocation Plan in China Based on Consumption Perspective

et al. 2018

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China is a country with substantial differences in economic development, energy consumption mix, resources, and technologies, as well as the development path at the provincial level. Therefore, China's provinces have different potential and degrees of difficulty to carry out carbon emission reduction (CER) requirements. In addition, interprovincial trade, with a large amount of embodied carbon emissions, has become the fastest growing driver of China's total carbon emissions. A reasonable CER allocation plan is, therefore, crucial for realizing the commitment that China announced in the Paris Agreement. How to determine a fair way to allocate provincial CER duties has become a significant challenge for both policy-makers and researchers. In this paper, ecological network analysis (ENA), combined with a multi-regional input-output model (MRIO), is adopted to build an ecological network of embodied emissions across 30 provinces. Then, by using flow analysis and utility analysis based on the ENA model, the specific relationships among different provinces were determined, and the amount of responsibility that a certain province should take quantified, with respect to the embodied carbon emission (ECE) flows from interprovincial trade. As a result, we suggest a new CER allocation plan, based on the detailed data of interprovincial relationships and ECE flows.

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“…Owing to its natural appearance, esthetically pleasing color, and excellent material properties, wood is widely used in decorative building applications, particularly for flooring [1,2]. Economic development and improved quality of life have increased the demand for more abundant colors and varieties of wood flooring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ammonia Fumigation Treatment on Wood Color and Chemical Composition

Zhang¹,

Bao

Sun³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Betula alnoides was used as a test material to study the effect of ammonia fumigation treatment on wood color and chemical composition. The effects of concentration, temperature, and duration of ammonia fumigation on wood color were studied. The properties of the material were studied using contact angle measurements, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and dynamic thermomechanical analysis. In general, the color difference of the wood increased with the concentration of ammonia used in the fumigation process, treatment temperature, and treatment duration. After ammonia fumigation treatment, the chemical composition of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the wood was reduced. We concluded that ammonia fumigation treatment decreased material wettability and dynamic mechanical rigidity and increased the degree of crystallinity in wood.

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Greenhouse gas reduction and cost efficiency of using wood flooring as an alternative to ceramic tile: A case study in China

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Wood substitution potential in greenhouse gas emission reduction–review on current state and application of displacement factors

Wood substitution potential in greenhouse gas emission reduction–review on current state and application of displacement factors

Provincial Carbon Emissions Reduction Allocation Plan in China Based on Consumption Perspective

Effect of Ammonia Fumigation Treatment on Wood Color and Chemical Composition

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